Download PROTEIN SYNTHESIS STEP 1:​ ​Transcription

 Protein Synthesis Amoeba Sisters Video Guided Notes PROTEIN SYNTHESIS STEP 1:​
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Transcription 1. Happens in the _______________. As we have already learned, DNA codes for your *Draw an arrow to this organelle. traits. For example, a section of your DNA (a gene) codes for your eye color. The color of your eyes is 2. Makes a message known as determined by a pigment in your eyes. DNA codes for the protein that makes that pigment. ___________________________. 3. The great thing about mRNA is that it can Synthesis = __________________________________________________. 4. mRNA then attaches to a ______________________________. Protein synthesis is just that: making proteins. Keep in mind that this happens in all cells. All cells have the same DNA in the nucleus, but not This is what it looks like when the DNA unzips for transcription.
every cell makes the same proteins. How does the genetic information in the DNA, which is in the nucleus, get out of the nucleus to make protein? By the process of ___________________ ______________________ 2 major steps: 1:________________________ 2:________________________ What is a clever way to remember which step comes first? Now you practice transcription (remember there isn’t thymine in RNA). DNA code: TAC GCG CTA TAG TCC GCG ATA mRNA strand: ___________________________________________ Right page 1 Right page 2 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS STEP 2:​
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Translation 1. mRNA binds itself to a ________________. *Draw an arrow to this organelle. Put it all together! Protein Synthesis Review Name of process Where is Is DNA Which this directly types of process involved in RNA are located? this involved? process? 2. _____________RNA comes to the ribosome. Transcription End result and purpose. No, as DNA remains in the nucleus and this process is not in the nucleus. 3. tRNA brings an ___________ _______. 4. The tRNA reads the bases on mRNA in groups of ____ called a __________. (later in video) 5. Amino acids are a ___________ for protein (organic molecule). If you put a bunch of amino acids together you build a __________. Proteins bond together by __________ _____. Translation 6. Proteins fold into a specific shape. 7. Proteins then can be used for all kinds of body processes, structures, or functions (like eye color). Basically, they make YOU! Right page 3 Right page 4 How to read and understand a codon table. If the protein needs to have a specific sequence of amino acids, then how does the tRNA know which amino acid to bring to the ribosome? ● There are only 20 different amino acids. ● There are four different bases (A, U, C, G). ● Each codon is made of 3 bases (letters). ● That means there are 64 different possible codon combinations. ● Each codon is assigned to either an amino acid or a stop signal. If there are 20 amino acids and 64 codons, what can you assume? Great news! You do NOT have to memorize which codon goes with each amino acid! There is a codon table to help. Let’s practice… Go to this website! (also on classroom) http://www.learner.org/interactives/dna/engineering4.html 1. A real mRNA sequence always starts with what codon? 2. This codes for what amino acid? 3. The ribosome stops reading the mRNA strand when what happens? RIght page 5 Complete the chart below. Use the codon table to find the amino acids. Use the​
mRNA codon​
to find the correct amino acid. DNA mRNA codon tRNA anticodon Amino Acid AAA UUU AAA Phenylalanine TTA Methionine (start codon) CCG CCU GTC GUA AUA Tryptophan TGT UAG Right page 6 More practice and videos: Practice Transciption and Translation: ​
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/molecules/transcribe/ Protein Synthesis in Real Time: ​
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BY_A8HyDnQ4 A bit longer version: ​
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3fOXt4MrOM Protein Synthesis and Practice Complete Overview: ​
http://www.zerobio.com/drag_oa/protein/overview.htm You can find many more if you need to!