Download Aim #62 - Manhasset Schools

Date: March 16, 2016
Aim #62: How is DNA transcribed and translated?
Do Now: Warm-Up Notebook
Date
Title of Activity
Page #
3/16
DNA-Label it!
107
HW:
1)DNA Replication Worksheet
2)Human Phys. Unit 7b Packet due Friday (March 18th)
– Don’t forget Castle Learning!
– Human Phys Fridays!! Weekly Human Phys Review in Room 142
with yours truly 
3)Genetics Test next Tuesday (p.5) & Wednesday (p.1 & p.7)!!
Aim #62- How is DNA transcribed and
translated?
Morse Code
.. / .-.. --- ...- . / _... .. __ _
1st Copy code
2nd Translate code
.
-
dot
dash
short sound
long sound
http://www.philtulga.com/m
orse.html
Replication is not DNA’s only job!
Coded
copy
change
Transcription & Translation
1) Transcription- process by which a DNA template is used
to produce a single-stranded RNA molecule.
2) Translation- process by which an RNA molecule is used
to direct the production of a chain of specific amino
acids.
3) Central Dogma
Genotype- sequence of bases in DNA
Phenotype- proteins determine
our appearance (traits) &
functioning of our cells.
Where in the cell do they happen?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
6) First the genetic code needs to get
TRANSCRIBED into mRNA:
m
The DNA base sequence needs to get copied
into messenger RNA
7) Why do we need a copy of the DNA?
The DNA are the main instructions found in the
nucleus, they can not leave the nucleus.
Why not?
Too large!
8) How is DNA transcribed into
mRNA?
One side of the
DNA molecule
is the template
Transcription
RNA Polymerase
Is mRNA an identical copy of
DNA?
Can you tell the difference?
9) DNA vs RNA
nucleic acids
•
•
•
•
DNA – main instructions
Double helix
Sugar – Deoxyribose
Bases:
Adenine – Thymine
Guanine – Cytosine
•
•
•
•
RNA – copy of instructions
Single helix
Sugar – Ribose
Bases:
Adenine – Uracil
Guanine – Cytosine
10) Is transcription the same as replication?
Transcription – coded copy of DNA to be used to make proteins.
Replication - an identical copy of DNA to be given to new cells
11) Second, the mRNA code needs
to get TRANSLATED into a protein
m
The mRNA copy
needs to get changed
into an
amino acid sequence
12) How many mRNA bases = 1 amino acid?
codon
Amino acid
• Codon (3 mRNA bases) = 1 amino acid
Use the chart to translate the codon
UUU =
ACA =
CAC =
What did we learn?
• What are the two jobs of
DNA?
• How is replication
different from
transcription?
• What are the steps of
protein synthesis?
• Compare transcription and
translation.
• How is DNA different
from mRNA?
DNA Bingo = DINGO
DNA / mRNA / Amino Acid
TAC
• AUG -MET (START)
CCA
•GGU – GLY
TTA
•AAU – ASP
AAC
•UUG – LEU
CTT
•GAA – GLU
TTT
•AAA – LYS
GCA
•CGU - ARG
AGC
•UCG – CYS
TAG
•AUC – ISO
CAT
•GUA - VAL
AAA
•UUU – PHE
AGA
•UCU – SER
ACT
•UGA – STOP