* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Future directions in adaptation research
Climatic Research Unit email controversy wikipedia , lookup
Michael E. Mann wikipedia , lookup
Soon and Baliunas controversy wikipedia , lookup
Fred Singer wikipedia , lookup
ExxonMobil climate change controversy wikipedia , lookup
Climatic Research Unit documents wikipedia , lookup
Global warming wikipedia , lookup
Climate change denial wikipedia , lookup
General circulation model wikipedia , lookup
German Climate Action Plan 2050 wikipedia , lookup
Politics of global warming wikipedia , lookup
Climate sensitivity wikipedia , lookup
Economics of climate change mitigation wikipedia , lookup
Attribution of recent climate change wikipedia , lookup
Climate resilience wikipedia , lookup
Climate governance wikipedia , lookup
Citizens' Climate Lobby wikipedia , lookup
Media coverage of global warming wikipedia , lookup
Public opinion on global warming wikipedia , lookup
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme wikipedia , lookup
Climate engineering wikipedia , lookup
Scientific opinion on climate change wikipedia , lookup
Climate change in Tuvalu wikipedia , lookup
Climate change, industry and society wikipedia , lookup
Effects of global warming on Australia wikipedia , lookup
Effects of global warming on humans wikipedia , lookup
IPCC Fourth Assessment Report wikipedia , lookup
Surveys of scientists' views on climate change wikipedia , lookup
Climate change and agriculture wikipedia , lookup
Paris Agreement wikipedia , lookup
Solar radiation management wikipedia , lookup
Economics of global warming wikipedia , lookup
Future directions in adaptation research? Supporting the implementation of EU and Irish climate policy Stefan Gray, EPA Research Fellow – Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation EU & Irish adaptation policy: Five research challenges Two key policy instruments: EU Adaptation Strategy (EU AS) National Climate Change Adaptation Framework (NCCAF) …pose five key challenges 1. Uncertainty 2. Risks and costs Mitigation Climate Change Impacts 3. Coordination 4. Indicators & metrics 5. Transformation Responses Adaptation Uncertainty Substantial uncertainties attend climate adaptation Particularly the case at local scales Adaptation is held to be a principally local issue NCCAF: Local authority County Development plans must be reviewed to include adaptation by mid-2014 How can the uncertainties of climate impact projections be dealt with in local level planning? ‘Policy first’ adaptation assessment? Low-regret, win-win adaptation options? Adaptive (experimental) management? (Ranger et al 2010) Risks and costs Calculating the cost implications of climate impacts is an extremely complex and difficult task Adaptation cost 2050 = US$75 – 100b/yr? SLR impact cost 2100 = US$300 – 90b/yr? EU AS: “climate-proof” CAP, CFP, infrastr. standards NCCAF: Sectoral adaptation plans to be published by mid-2014, with a “clear understanding of the consequences of climate change for each sector” How can climate impact cost and adaptation benefit be evaluated in a pragmatic and tractable way? EEA (2013): ROA? RDM? RBR? Untested in Ireland Coordination Adaptive measures adopted by one sector, region or country may have maladaptive consequences Management is traditionally carried out in silos Water management vs. Energy vs. Transport? NCCAF: 6 Govt. Departments & 1 State Agency to prepare 12 sectoral adaptation strategies by mid-2014 How can coordination across sectors, scales and borders be facilitated? EU AS: National adaptation strategies; explicitly particiaptory adaptation; targeted LIFE funding Cross-sectoral conceptual modelling? Communities of practice; oversight via a dedicated (independent) body? Indicators and metrics Beyond the avoidance of maladaptation, how to judge what constitutes ‘successful’ adaptation is as yet unclear EU AS: Commission to develop an “adaptation preparedness scoreboard” NCCAF: Sectoral adaptation plans to be revised and updated every five years How can meaningful indicators and metrics of adaptation efficacy be deployed? Should indicators be process or outcome based? Qualitative or quantitative? Can existing performance metrics be employed in adaptation, or must new metrics be developed in the future? Transformation Adaptation is an iterative process, the limits of which System Identity 3 Aims & Objectives 2 Actions are increasingly coming to be acknowledged (Dow et al 2013) The literature therefore calls for adaptation management cycles to evolve toward double and triple loop learning (Moser & Ekstrom 2010) NCCAF: Sectoral adaptation plans to be revised and updated every five years; Local Authority County Development plans adopted every six years What institutional or organisational innovations will be required to facilitate transformation? 1 How can adaptation cycles build knowledge and Outcomes establish momentum? Is anticipatory transformation feasible? Conclusion Uncertainty These research challenges are interdependent, and foundational to the success of European and Irish adaptation Risks and costs They provide real opportunities to influence future research and policy Coordination Indicators and metrics Transformation Timelines are short, adaptation is already underway Thanks for your time and attention! Contact details: Stefan Gray [email protected]