Download Marius/Sulla

107 BC
MARIUS
Marius rises to power
“New Man” from Equites class
General that was successful in the Jugurthan War in
North Africa
o Popularity and support increased
Marius removed “land requirements” to serve in army
o he also gave land to his soldiers
Sulla was a successful lieutenant under Marius
Sulla felt Marius was taking credit that belonged to Sulla
 rivalry developed between Marius and Sulla
SOCIAL WAR
Rome’s Italian Allies were wanting “Full Citizenship”
fought loyally for Rome and wanted to be rewarded
Drussus proposed citizenship for Rome’s “Italian Allies”
o Senate opposed
feared it would give “outsiders” too much power
o Italian Allies knew they would now have to fight
90 BC Social War (“socios” Latin for ally)
 Sulla led Roman military
89 BC Rome granted FULL CITIZENSHIP to its Italian allies
88 BC Sulla elected Consul
Member of Optimates
Sulla given command of armies in Asia Minor
SULLA
Marius felt he should have been given command and used the
Plebeian Assembly to overturn Sulla’s command and become
commander
Sulla rushed back to Rome
o used “Centuriate Assembly” to regain power
o killed supporters of Marius…Marius fled to Africa
o after re-establishing control…Sulla returned to Asia Minor
Marius was called back by Consul Cinna
 killed Sulla’s supporters
86 BC Marius was elected Consul for 7th time…died shortly after
83 BC Sulla returned to Rome with his military
 defeated the “Senatorial Army”
 became “Dictator”
 Sulla used “Proscription Lists”
o “Reign of Terror”
SULLA
78 BC Sulla died
“No friend ever served me, and no enemy every
wronged me, whom I have not repaid in full”
POLITIACL PRECEDENTS OF MARIUS AND SULLA
1) Use of MILITARY to gain political power
2) Development of armies loyal to GENERALS not ROME
73 – 71 BC
SPARTACUS
led a “slave army” against
Rome
 trained as a “gladiator”
 escaped and developed an army
o 120,000
 Crassus was leader of Roman legion that
finally defeated the “slave army”
 Crassus member of 1st Triumvirate
 6000 were crucified
 crucifixes lined roads leading into cities
 served as “warning billboards”
 DON’T MESS WITH ROME!!!!!