Download Effect of diet and exercise on the peripheral immune system of

Effect of diet and exercise on the peripheral immune system of young Balb / c mice.
Martínez-Carrillo BE1, Zúñiga-Torres MG1, Guadarrama AL1, Valdés-Ramos R1, Jarillo-Luna
RA2, Campos-Rodríguez R2, Pardo-Morales RV1.
1Center for Research and Graduate Studies in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine,
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.
2Morphology Lab, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional.
Diet combined with exercise has different effects on the immune system (IS), such as depression,
impaired production of cytokines produced during exercise, decreased trafficking of leukocytes, T
lymphocytes and their subpopulations as well as increased NK cell activity. Lipids are involved in the
cellular composition of lymphocytes and are affected by the fatty acid content of the diet. The intake of
carbohydrates (CHO) causes changes in the number of blood cells, decreased phagocytosis and
respiratory burst of neutrophils and macrophages, and decreased production of inflammatory cytokines.
The effect of exercise on the immune response is controversial, depends on several factors, moderate
exercise benefits immune function as opposed to prolonged strenuous exercise can suppress various
immune response parameters, if this is combined with poor nutrition, then increase the negative effects
on the IS. In addition, the body is vulnerable to damage and exert oxidant systems, oxidative stress can
occur in individuals adapted or not to exercise. Moderate exercise can produce adaptations in the body
related to the enzymatic systems capable of mitigating the harmful effects caused by free radicals and
can improve SI. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of moderate physical exercise and
ingestion of high carbohydrates and high fats diets on the peripheral immune system of young Balb / c
mice and their relationship with the production of oxidative stress. We used Balb/c mice, males of 21
days of age (n = 8). They were fed with control diet, high carbohydrates and high fat diets, with and
without exercise for 9 weeks (84 days old). The groups practiced swimming exercise for 30 minutes, 5
days a week while the diet. We worked with purified peripheral blood lymphocytes for flow cytometry,
cell culture and counting (to determine cell proliferation) and carbonylated protein determination (to
measure oxidative stress). The weight of animals increased in both groups with or without exercise but
in moderation according to your age (not develop obesity). Exercise reduces the amount of CD3 + cells
regardless of the type of diet consumed. The CD3+CD4+ lymphocytes showed no significant
differences but the CD3+CD8+, rose in the group of high fat diet without exercise, unlike the exercise
that increases the population of cells in both problem diets. Similarly, high fat diet increased
carbonylated proteins in plasma, an effect that was reduced with exercise. In the pre-culture cells the
high carbohydrate diets without exercise increased carbonylated proteins, reducing this effect with
moderate physical exercise, unlike the post-culture cells, in which increased carbonylated protein
concentration despite doing exercise. Without exercise increased cell proliferation in both diets, but
exercise combined with diet and culture, decreased cell proliferation. This reinforces the fact that the
effect of exercise is controversial, first increases cell proliferation and enhances the expression of
surface markers for T lymphocytes, but on the other hand increases the generation of carbonylated
proteins and therefore production oxidative stress.