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Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
CHAPTER 9:
CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
Lab Biology CP
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
• 9.1 Cellular Respiration: An Overview
• 9.2 The Process of Cellular Respiration
• 9.3 Fermentation
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
9.1 & 9.2
Cellular Respiration
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Chemical Energy and Food
• Food provides living things with the chemical building
blocks they need to grow and reproduce.
• Food molecules contain energy that is released when its
chemical bonds are broken.
• Energy stored in food is expressed in units of calories.
• Cells use all sorts of molecules for food, including fats,
proteins, and carbohydrates.
• Cells break down food to produce ATP.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Overview of Cellular Respiration
Chemical equation for Cellular Respiration:
6 O2 + C6H12O6  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
Write the chemical equation for Photosynthesis:
* Explain how this chemical equation compares to the
equation for photosynthesis.
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Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Stages of Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis
2. Krebs Cycle
3. Electron Transport Chain
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
ATP Production and Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
Makes only a small
amount of ATP/energy
Krebs Cycle
makes a little more
energy/ATP from
pyruvic acid.
Electron Transport Chain
produces the bulk of the
energy/ATP
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Glycolysis- happens 1st (without oxygen).
• Is an anaerobic
process. It can take
place without oxygen
being present in the
cell.
• Makes 2 ATP
• It takes place in the
cytoplasm of a cell.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Krebs Cycle- happens 2nd (with oxygen)
• Is aerobic. It only
happens when there
is oxygen present in
the cell.
• Takes place inside
the mitochondria.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Electron Transport Chain- happens 3rd
(with oxygen)
– Is aerobic. It only
happens when there
is oxygen present in
the cell.
– Takes place inside
the mitochondria.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Total ATP Production during Cellular
Respiration
• Together glycolysis, the Krebs's cycle, and the
electron transport chain release 36 molecules
of ATP per molecule of glucose.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AdtAu5JgOV0
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular
respiration are opposite
processes.
The energy flows in opposite
directions. Photosynthesis
“deposits” energy, and cellular
respiration “withdraws” energy.
The reactants of cellular
respiration are the products of
photosynthesis and vice versa.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aZrkdzrd04
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
9.3
Fermentation
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Fermentation
Fermentation is a process by which energy can be
released from food molecules in the absence of oxygen.
Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm of cells.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Fermentation
Under anaerobic conditions, fermentation
follows glycolysis.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Alcoholic Fermentation
Yeast and a few other microorganisms use alcoholic
fermentation that produces ethyl alcohol and carbon
dioxide.
This process is used to produce alcoholic beverages and
causes bread dough to rise.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Alcoholic Fermentation
Chemical equation:
Pyruvic acid + NADH  Alcohol + CO2 + NAD+
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Most organisms, including humans, carry out fermentation using a
chemical reaction that converts pyruvic acid to lactic acid.
Chemical equation:
Pyruvic acid + NADH  Lactic acid + NAD+
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Quick Energy
Cells normally contain small amounts of ATP
produced during cellular respiration, enough
for a few seconds of intense activity.
Lactic acid fermentation can supply enough
ATP to last about 90 seconds. However, extra
oxygen is required to get rid of the lactic acid
produced. Following intense exercise, a person
will huff and puff for several minutes in order to
pay back the built-up “oxygen debt” and clear
the lactic acid from the body.
Lesson Overview
Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Long-Term Energy
For intense exercise lasting longer than 90 seconds,
cellular respiration is required to continue production of
ATP.
Cellular respiration releases energy more slowly than
fermentation does.
The body stores energy in the form of the carbohydrate
glycogen. These glycogen stores are enough to last for 15
to 20 minutes of activity. After that, the body begins to
break down other stored molecules, including fats, for
energy.