Download Evolution Test Review 2017

Name_______________________________________________________________________ Date_____________________________ Period _________
Evolution Test Review (Ch 10-11)
***DUE: the day of the test
***All questions must be answered on a SEPARATE SHEET OF PAPER including all diagrams/tables!!!
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Define the following terms:
Adaptation
Change Over Time
Common Descent
Directional Selection
Disruptive Selection
Evolution
Fitness
Fossil
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Founder Effect
Gene pool
Genetic Drift
Genetic Equilibrium
Heritable Variation
Homologous/Analogous
Structures
Interbreed
Natural Selection
Phylogeny
Polygenic Traits
Population
Reproductive Isolation
Speciation
Stabilizing Selection
Struggle for Existence
Survival of the Fittest
Temporal/Behavioral/
Geographical Isolation
Vestigial Structures
Allele Frequency
What types of things do organisms compete for?
What is the key “thing” to look for in order to decide if two organisms are the same species?
Where did Darwin travel and study animals?
What did Hutton and Lyell, Lamarck, and Malthus propose that influenced Darwin’s thinking?
What idea did Wallace conceive? Why do we not study him as much as we do Darwin?
What are the 4 parts of Darwin’s theory of natural selection?
a. Why are these essential for the continuation of evolution?
Describe the process of evolution.
Natural selection acts on the organism’s ____________________. Can an organism change its own traits? Where do new
traits come from?
What are the two methods to determine the ages of fossils? Which is more accurate?
How can you tell by looking at a cross section of sedimentary rock layers which layer is the oldest/youngest?
What are the 5 examples for evidence of evolution that we discussed in class? Can you explain each one of them?
What is allele frequency? How does evolution relate to allele frequency?
What are the two sources of genetic variation?
What things happen during meiosis that increase genetic variation?
What is the ultimate source of genetic variation?
How are genes added to the gene pool?
How are genes removed from the gene pool?
Differentiate between single-gene traits and polygenic traits.
Single-traits typically lead to _____ distinct phenotypes, and can be represented by a _____ graph.
Polygenic traits can have _____ possible genotypes and phenotypes, and can be represented by a _____ graph.
What happens when the allele frequency in a population changes over time?
What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?
What are three ways natural selection can affect the polygenic traits (the distribution of phenotypes)? Provide an
example, draw the graph and label.
What besides natural selection drives the mechanism of evolution (hint: they happen by chance)
Draw a diagram to show genetic drift. In what type of populations does it have a larger effect?
Does genetic drift increase or decrease variation of traits in a population?
What is the bottleneck effect? Draw a picture to show it.
Draw a diagram to show the founder effect.
What is sexual selection? Give a couple of examples.
List AND explain the five things necessary for genetic equilibrium (Hardy-Weinberg) to occur.
_____ isolation must occur for speciation to happen.
What are the three kinds of isolation mechanisms that lead to speciation? Give one example of each.
What is macroevolution?
Compare and contrast gradualism vs. punctuated equilibrium.
Define and provide an example for each pattern of macroevolution: Extinction, Adaptive Radiation, Convergent
Evolution, Co-evolution, Punctuated equilibrium.
Why is natural extinction a good thing?