Download Patterns of Inheritance DNA Chromosome(s) Gene(s) Character(s

Patterns of Inheritance
• Mendelian Patterns: Based on research
and experimentation of simple organisms
by Gregor Mendel.
• Non-Mendelian Patterns: Based on
research and experimentation since
Mendel. Compilation of knowledge of
more complex organisms since his time.
Chromosome(s)
• Groups of DNA organized into structures.
• Organized to determine certain
characteristics of an organism.
Character(s)
• Characteristics of organisms.
• Common name for gene(s).
• General term: Ex: Eye-color
DNA
• Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• Chemicals responsible for inheritance.
Gene(s)
• Specific locations for certain DNA within
chromosomes.
• 1 gene is one unit of DNA out of all DNA.
• There can be many genes within a
chromosome.
• Chemicals that control the characters of
an organism.
Allele(s)
• Specific traits of a character.
• Specific term: Ex: Blue eye-color
• Common name: Trait
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Homozygous
• Alleles (traits) inherited from each parent
that are the same.
• Ex: Blue eye-color from each parent.
Dominant
• The alleles (traits) of a population of
organisms that will appear if an organism
inherits these traits.
• Ex: Brown dominant over green.
– If a heterozygous pair of traits (brown and
green eye color) is inherited, brown will be the
visible trait.
– Both brown or green can be passed on to the
next generation of offspring.
Genotype
• All of the allele (trait) combinations inherited by
an organism.
– “Type of Genes.”
Heterozygous
• Alleles (traits) inherited from each parent
that are different.
• Ex: Blue eye-color from father
Green eye-color from mother.
Recessive
• The alleles (traits) of a population of organisms
that may appear if an organism inherits these
traits.
• Ex: Brown dominant over green.
– If a heterozygous pair of traits (brown and green
eye color) is inherited, green will not be the visible
trait because brown is dominant.
• Ex: Only green eyes (recessive) is inherited.
– If a homozygous pair of traits (green eye color from
both parents) is inherited, this recessive trait will be
visible. There is no dominant trait available.
Phenotype
• Only the observable allele (trait) combinations
inherited by an organism.
– A “phenomenon,” is an observable event.
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