Download Applied Genetics - Tanque Verde School District

Making the world a BETTER place
-ORMaking the world a SCARIER place?
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Selecting the parents to breed a generation with
DESIRED traits.
Farmers save the seeds of the healthiest plants
to plant for the next crop.
Inbreeding – crossing 2 individuals with
similar characteristics
Hybridization – crossing 2 genetically different
individuals
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Offspring usually have the desired qualities
that match the parents.
(Super Cow below)
Parents and offspring are genetically similar
May involve crossing close family members
Increased chance of inheriting an genetic
disorder.
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Crossing 2 genetically DIFFERENT individuals
It is desired for the offspring to have the best
traits from both parents
Offspring is usually sterile (cannot reproduce)
Apple-pears, tangelos, broccoflower
Mules are a cross of horses and donkeys
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To produce offspring with desired traits
Offspring and parent genes are IDENTICAL
Plants can be cloned easily by cutting and
replanting
Somatic cell nuclear transfer
Dolly the Sheep cloned in 1996 –
breakthrough in cloning
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Is it ethical? Is it necessary?
Are we “playing God” with the embryos?
Debate topics: Is an embryo alive? Is it a
“baby”? Does it have a soul?
Embryotic Stem Cell Harvesting vs. Extracting
Stem Cells from a body part (ex: bone marrow)
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Genes from one organism are transferred into
the DNA of another organism
Can produce medicines and improve food
crops!
Insulin (needed by diabetics) is made inside
bacterial cells.
Risks?
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HUGE ethical debate!
Do parents have the right to select which genes
will be inherited, then discard unwanted
embryos who do not have desired traits?
Cool or crazy? Fascinating or frightening?
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Inserting copies of a gene directly into a
person’s cells. Replacing defective alleles!
A virus vector delivers the repaired genes to
the infected area of the body
May help “cure” or treat diseases and disorders
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GMO and Pass the Genes
Cloning Mimi Mouse
What is Cloning? Enucleation
Gene Therapy