Download File - MR. Wilson`s 8th Grade Science Class

Name: __________________________________________________________ Core: ___________________________
8TH GRADE SCIENCE – VOCABULARY EOG REVIEW PROJECT
Assigned: Monday, May 2nd
Due: Wednesday, May 25th
Directions: Using the word bank, notes and textbooks to help you fill in the vocabulary words for each unit. You will have some class
time and wheel time to work on this, however, this will require work outside of class! You will have weekly quizzes, so studying
these words will also be required! It is essential that you know these words to get a Level 3, 4, or 5 on the EOG!
Science Skills (Blue textbook pages 6 – 11)
1. ______________________: Possible explanation based on what you know and what you observe
2.
______________________: Factor that can change with an experiment
3.
______________________: The facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations
4.
______________________: A summary of what you have learned from the experiment
5.
______________________: A well-tested explanation for a wide rage of observations or experimental results
6.
______________________: A statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every tie under a particular set of
conditions; describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it
7.
______________________: Scientific equipment that uses one or more lenses to magnify objects
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Data
Compound microscope
Conclusion
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Hypothesis
Scientific law
Scientific theory
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Variable
Energy (Coach book pages 42 – 54)
8. ______________________: The ability to make things move or change
9.
______________________: Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom
10. ______________________: Energy that travels in the form of waves, through matter or through space
11. ______________________: Energy of moving electric charges
12. ______________________: Energy that is stored in the bonds that hold atoms together
13. ______________________: The energy of moving objects
14. ______________________: A source of energy that is used much faster than it can be replaced
15. ______________________: A source of energy that can be replaced as it is used or that cannot be used up
16. ______________________: A source of energy that formed from the remains of organisms that lived millions of years ago
17. ______________________: The energy of moving water
18. ______________________: Energy from the sun
19. ______________________: A device that can change light energy into electricity; also called a solar cell
20. ______________________: The energy of moving air
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Chemical energy
Electric energy
Electromagnetic energy
Energy
Fossil fuel
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Hydropower
Mechanical energy
Nonrenewable resource
Nuclear energy
Photovoltaic cell
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Renewable resource
Solar energy
Wind energy
Ecosystems (Coach book pages 102 – 121)
21. ______________________: All the living and nonliving parts of an environment as well as the interactions among them
22. ______________________: Groups of populations that interact with each other in a given area
23. ______________________: A group of organisms of the same species living in the same place
24. ______________________: A group of organisms that share most characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
25. ______________________: Nonliving parts of an ecosystem (light, temperature, water, wind)
26. ______________________: The living parts of an ecosystem (plants and animals)
27. ______________________: An organism that gets energy by breaking down dead organisms and the wastes of living things
28. ______________________: The process of breaking down dead organisms
29. ______________________: An organism that must eat other organisms for energy
30. ______________________: An organism that can make it’s own food
31. ______________________: Synonym of “consumer”
32. ______________________: Synonym of “producer “
33. ______________________: Process in which organisms use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food and oxygen
34. ______________________: The place where an organism lives
35. ______________________: Network of interconnected food chains
36. ______________________: Each feeding level in an ecosystem
37. ______________________: An organism’s role or job in it’s habitat
38. ______________________: An interaction that occurs when organisms try to get the same resources
39. ______________________: To live in the same habitat without competing
40. ______________________: Animals that hunt, kill, and eat other animals
41. ______________________: Animals that are killed and eaten by predators
42. ______________________: A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed
43. ______________________: A symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed
44. ______________________: An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits are the other organism’s expense
45. ______________________: An organism that a parasite lives on
46. ______________________: A symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit
47. ______________________: Introduction of harmful waste products, chemicals, not native to environment
48. ______________________: Careful use and management of natural resources
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Abiotic factors
Autotroph
Biotic factors
Coexist
Commensalism
Community
Competition
Conservation
Consumer
Decomposer
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Decomposition
Ecosystem
Food web
Habitat
Heterotroph
Host
Mutualism
Niche
Parasite
Parasitism
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Photosynthesis
Pollution
Population
Predators
Prey
Producer
Species
Trophic level
Earth Systems (Coach book pages 128 – 147)
49. ______________________: Part of biosphere that includes lakes, streams, oceans, atmospheric water, groundwater
50. ______________________: A scientist who studies water
51. ______________________: Water that is not salty
52. ______________________: Water that is underground in layers of rock and sediment
53. ______________________: Water that collects above ground
54. ______________________: An area of land that drains into a stream, river, lake, or other body of water
55. ______________________: A small body of flowing freshwater
56. ______________________: A large body of flowing freshwater
57. ______________________: Water that flows over the land without sinking into the ground
58. ______________________: A covering of ice over a large area; where most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen
59. ______________________: A rock layer that collects and stores water
60. ______________________: A place where freshwater from a river meets and mixes with salt water from the ocean
61. ______________________: An area that stays wet for the entire year
62. ______________________: Part of the Earth’s surface that is covered by ocean water
63. ______________________: Measure of how salty the water is
64. ______________________: Synonym of “ocean”
65. ______________________: The movement of cold, nutrient-rich water from deep layers of the ocean up to the surface
66. ______________________: The process by which some organisms use the energy stored in chemical bonds to make their own
food
67. ______________________: Feature on the ocean floor that organisms use for chemosynthesis
68. ______________________: Any substance that can harm the environment
69. ______________________: Pollution that enters water from a wide area such as lawns, fields, roads, etc.
70. ______________________: Pollution that enters water from a specific location
71. ______________________: The level of nitrogen that is present in water
72. ______________________: Cause of increased levels of nitrates
73. ______________________: A measure of how acidic or basic a liquid is
74. ______________________: The level of oxygen present in water
75. ______________________: Cycle that includes precipitation, runoff, evaporation, condensation
76. ______________________: An extremely rapid growth of algae caused by too many nitrates or phosphates in the water
77. ______________________: A measure of how clear water is
78. ______________________: An organism used to monitor the health of an ecosystem
79. ______________________: The variety of life in a particular habitat
80. ______________________: Excessive richness of nutrients in a body of water, due to the fertilizer runoff of the land
81. ______________________: Tiny organisms that float in ocean currents; most are unicellular and perform photosynthesis
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Algae bloom
Aquifer
Biodiversity
Bioindicator
Chemosynthesis
Dissolved oxygen
Estuary
Eutrophication
Fertilizer
Freshwater
Groundwater
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Hydrologist
Hydrosphere
Hydrothermal vent
Marine
Nitrates
Nonpoint-source pollution
Ocean basin
pH
Phytoplankton
Point-source pollution
Polar ice caps and glaciers
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Pollutant
River
Runoff
Salinity
Stream
Surface water
Turbidity
Upwelling
Water cycle
Watershed
Wetland
Earth History (Coach book pages 159 – 174)
82. ______________________: The outer part of the Earth, made of solid rock
83. ______________________: Broken up sections of the lithosphere
84. ______________________: The region where two tectonic plates meet
85. ______________________: Process in which rock layers are squeezed together and pushed upwards to form mountains
86. ______________________: melted rock beneath the Earth’s surface
87. ______________________: an opening the Earth’s surface through which magma is releases
88. ______________________: Melted rock that reaches Earth’s surface
89. ______________________: The break or crack in Earth’s surface
90. ______________________: Type of plate boundary where two plates divide
91. ______________________: Type of plate boundary where two plates collide
92. ______________________: Type of plate boundary where two plates slide
93. ______________________: The formation of new ocean floor from melted rock that seeps up from the mantle and flows into the
space between plates that are diverging
94. ______________________: Long chains of underwater mountains
95. ______________________: The study of the Earth’s history, processes, and structures
96. ______________________: Tiny pieces of broken rock
97. ______________________: The process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces
98. ______________________: The continual change of rock from one kind to another
99. ______________________: The process by which weathered rock is picked up and moved to new places
100. ______________________: The dropping of pieces of weathered rock carried by water, wind, or ice
101. ______________________: Type of rock that is formed by the compaction and cementation of sediments
102. ______________________: Type of rock that is formed from melted rock or magma or lava
103. ______________________: The permanent dying out of a species or larger group of organisms
104. ______________________: Remains, imprints, or traces of past organisms
105. ______________________: A timeline that organizes major events in Earth’s history
106. ______________________: The age of a rock or fossil described in comparison to that of another rock or fossil
107. ______________________: States that in undisturbed rock, the oldest layers are on the bottom
108. ______________________: A fossil that is useful for dating geological layers because the organism only lived for a short period
of time
109. ______________________: Organism with a three-lobed exoskeleton that was abundant in Paleozoic oceans and is considered to
be an index fossil
110. ______________________: The actual age in years of a rock or fossil, or how long ago it formed
111. ______________________: A means of measuring the age of a material by comparing the amount of radioactive form of an
element with the amount of its decay product; two methods involve Carbon-14 and Uranium
112. ______________________: Large, ancient landmass that was composed of all the continents joined together separated by
continental draft
113. ______________________: A cylinder of ice removed from an ice sheet that helps scientists learn about climate change
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Absolute age
Convergent
Deposition
Divergent
Erosion
Extinction
Fault
Folding
Fossils
Geologic time scale
Geology
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Ice Core
Igneous rock
Index fossil
Lava
Law of superposition
Lithosphere
Magma
Mid-ocean ridges
Pangaea
Plate boundary
Radioactive dating
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Relative age
Rock cycle
Sea-floor spreading
Sediment
Sedimentary rock
Tectonic plate
Transform
Trilobite
Volcano
Weathering
Evolution and Genetics (Coach book pages 175 – 188)
114. ______________________: Scientist who proposed natural selection to explain change in species
115. ______________________: This process is the gradual change in organisms over time due to environmental influence or
competition
116. ______________________: The process by which organisms best suited to their environments survive and produce the most
offspring
117. ______________________: Differences that exist naturally among members of a population or species
118. ______________________: A trait that helps an organism survive in a particular environment
119. ______________________: A change in the genetic material of an organism
120. ______________________: An early stage in the development of an organism
121. ______________________: Body parts of different organisms that have a similar structure but not necessarily a similar function
122. ______________________: Body parts that have a similar function but not a similar structure
123. ______________________: Body part that does not seem to play a role in the body functions of an organism
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Adaptation
Analogous structures
Charles Darwin
Embryo
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Evolution
Homologous structures
Mutation
Natural selection
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Variation
Vestigial structure
Chemistry (Coach book pages 10 – 37)
124. ______________________: Anything that has mass and takes up space
125. ______________________: A characteristic of a substance that cannot be observed without changing the identity of the
substance; examples would include the ability to burn or rust and reaction to light
126. ______________________: Describes how well an object can burn
127. ______________________: The ability to form rust
128. ______________________: Dullness of color or loss of brightness
129. ______________________: The ability to react with oxygen (Statue of Liberty)
130. ______________________: Deterioration (falling apart) of metal
131. ______________________: The ability to combine or react
132. ______________________: Characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the
material
133. ______________________: The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas
134. ______________________: The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
135. ______________________: The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid
136. ______________________: The ability to dissolve
137. ______________________: The ability to be stretched into a thin wire
138. ______________________: The ability to attract another object
139. ______________________: How much space an object takes up
140. ______________________: The ability to be hammered into a thin sheet
141. ______________________: The ratio of mass to volume of a substance (mass/volume); a physical property
142. ______________________: A change in substance that does not change the chemical makeup of the substance; an example
would be ripping a piece of paper or breaking a stick in half
143. ______________________: A change that results in the formation of a new substance or substances; examples would be wood
burning into ash or a nail rusting
144. ______________________: The scientific principle that matter is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical change
145. ______________________: A process by which elements and compounds combine to form new substances
146. ______________________: Substances that exist before a chemical reaction
6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2
147. ______________________: Substances that exist after the reaction 6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2
148. ______________________: Arranges and displays all known elements in an orderly way
149. ______________________: One of the basic substances that combine to form all other substance; a substance that cannot be
broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means; these make up the Periodic Table
150. ______________________: A vertical column in the periodic table; also called a chemical family
151. ______________________: Row of elements
152. ______________________: Elements that have a shiny or metallic luster, are good conductors of heat and electricity, and are
malleable and ductile
153. ______________________: An element that has some properties of some metals and nonmetals
154. ______________________: Nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon are essential to life and are what type of elements?
155. ______________________: Tells you the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element
156. ______________________: A measure of an atom’s mass that is equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the atom’s
nucleus
157. ______________________: The basic building block of most of the matter around us; the smallest particle of an element that has
all the properties of that element
158. ______________________: Positively charged particle present in the nucleus of atoms
159. ______________________: Neutral charged particle present in the nucleus of atoms
160. ______________________: Negatively charged particles that move about the nucleus in an electron cloud
161. ______________________: More than one kind of element bonded together; H20 or CO2
162. ______________________: Molecule that includes two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
163. ______________________: Matter that has the same chemical composition throughout and cannot be separated into its parts by
physical means
164. ______________________: The process in which some isotopes are unstable and decay into other isotopes; measured in half-life
165. ______________________: Matter made up of two or more substances that are combined physically; example is trail mix
166. ______________________: A mixture in which substances are not distributed evenly; an example is trail mix
167. ______________________: A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed; an example is dish soap
168. ______________________: A solid that forms during a chemical reaction that takes place in a solution
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Atom
Atomic mass
Atomic number
Boiling point
Chemical change
Chemical property
Chemical reaction
Compound
Corrosion
Density
Ductility
Electron
Element
Flammability
Freezing point
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Group
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture
Law of Conservation of Mass
Magnetism
Malleability
Matter
Melting point
Metalloids
Metals
Mixture
Neutron
Nonmetal
Oxidation
Period
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Periodic Table
Physical change
Physical property
Precipitate
Products
Proton
Pure substance
Radioactive decay
Reactants
Reactivity
Rusting
Solubility
Tarnish
Volume
Water
Stytructures and Functions of Living Organisms (Coach book pages 82 – 95)
169. ______________________: The human body system that includes the brain and sense organs; gather and responds to information
about the environment
170. ______________________: The human body system that includes the mouth and stomach; takes in food in and breaks it down
into smaller molecules that can be used only by cells
171. ______________________: The human body system that carries oxygen and food to cells and carries carbon dioxide and wastes
away from cells
172. ______________________: The human body system that takes in oxygen from the air and passes it to the circulatory system, and
releases carbon dioxide and water vapor into the air
173. ______________________: Complex group of defenses that protects the body against pathogens – includes the skin and
respiratory, digestive, and circulatory systems
174. ______________________: Immunity that occurs when a person’s own immune system produces antibodies in response to the
presence of a pathogen
175. ______________________: Harmful to the body
176. ______________________: A physical dependence on a substance
177. ______________________: A living thing that cannot be seen without a microscope
178. ______________________: Any microorganism that causes disease
179. ______________________: a pathogen that consists of a microscopic core of genetic material surrounded by a protein coating
180. ______________________: A weakened or dead form of a virus that causes an organism to develop immunity against that virus
181. ______________________: Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes
182. ______________________: A drug that kills bacteria or slows the growth
183. ______________________: A one-celled or many celled-organism such as a mushroom, yeast, or mold
184. ______________________: The organism on which parasites live
185. ______________________: An organism that lives on or in another organism
186. ______________________: An outbreak of a disease that affects many people in an area
187. ______________________: An epidemic that spreads over a large area, or throughout the world
188. ______________________: An organism whose cells contain a nucleus and organelles enclosed by membranes
189. ______________________: An organism whose cells lack a nucleus and organelles enclosed by membranes; example: bacteria
190. ______________________: A disease that can be passed from one organism to another; ex. Strep throat
191. ______________________: A disease that cannot be passed from one organism to another; ex. Cancer
192. ______________________: An organism that transmits or spreads a disease
193. ______________________: The manipulation of living things to make useful products; this includes making medicine in large
quantities and human insulin for the treatment of diabetes, combating crime through forensic science and DNA testing, and
improving the quality of agricultural and livestock products
194. ______________________: A technique that produces an organisms based on shared characteristics
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Active immunity
Addiction
Antibiotic
Bacteria
Biotechnology
Circulatory system
Cloning
Digestive system
Epidemic
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Eukaryote
Fungi
Host
Immune system
Infectious disease
Microorganism
Nervous system
Noninfectious disease
Pandemic
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Parasite
Pathogen
Prokaryote
Respiratory system
Toxic
Vaccine
Vector
ViruS
Molecular Biology (Coach book 60 – 69)
195. ______________________: All organisms are made of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of organization, and all cells
come from other cells
196. ______________________: The basic unit and structure and function in all living things
197. ______________________: A structure inside a cell that performs a specific function
198. ______________________: Rigid structure that encloses, supports, and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi, bacteria
199. ______________________: Organelle in plant cells used to perform photosynthesis
200. ______________________: A large structure in a cell that controls many of its functions and contains its genetic material
201. ______________________: Organelle in animal and plant and animal cells used to process energy
202. ______________________: Selectively permeable part of the cell that controls what enters and exits the cell
203. ______________________: Hereditary materials in the nucleus that controls cell functions
204. ______________________: The process by which cells break down sugar to release stored energy
205. ______________________: A substance that an organism needs to carry out life functions
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Cell
Cell membrane
Cell theory
Cell wall
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Cellular respiration
Chloroplasts
DNA
Mitochondria
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Nucleus
Nutrient
Organelle
WEEKLY VOCABULARY QUIZ DATES
Science Skills and Energy Vocabulary: Friday May 6th Score: ________
Ecosystems and Earth Systems Vocabulary: Wednesday May 11th Score: ________
Earth History and Evolution/Genetics Vocabulary: Tuesday May 17th Score: ________
Chemistry Vocabulary: Friday May 20th Score: _______
Structures/Functions of Living Organisms and Molecular Biology Vocabulary: Tuesday May 25th Score: ______