Download Context Analysis - Kenya livestock Marketing Council

SNV V4CP Inception report – October 2016
Kenya Resilience – Context analysis
Context analysis
1. Introduction
The Drylands of Kenya make up 84% of Kenya’s total land surface, support about 25% of the
country’s population (about 10 million people), account for more than 80% of the country’s ecotourism interests and possibly up to 60% of the country’s livestock1.The contribution of the sector
to Kenya’s economy is often given as 12% of the country’s GDP and 42% of agricultural GDP
(SNV, 2008). Besides, it is a significant source of foreign exchange and has strong linkages with
the other activities of the economy2.Nationally, 11.4% of household consumption expenditure is
spent on livestock-derived food items. More than 80% of the beef consumed in Kenya is produced
by pastoralists3.
Pastoralism4 is the livelihood and production system that has proved most adaptive to the extreme
climatic uncertainty and marginal landscapes of the drylands, making the most sustainable
economic and environmental use of these ecologically sensitive areas to support the lives and
livelihoods of local populations (WISP, 2006). Pastoralists depend primarily on livestock and
livestock products for food and income, grazing their animals on communallymanaged or openaccess pastures, and using seasonal mobility as a means of managing access to water and pastures
in the drylands. They manage their livestock, water, land and pasture using indigenous knowledge
and mediated by traditional institutions that are also the custodians of their indigenous knowledge
systems. Thus, pastoralism is a system with its norms and structures that enforce those norms. It
is a traditional production system the sustainable operation of which long depended on traditional
institutions of governance. The norms and their supportive institutional framework have evolved
over time to become appropriate for the sustainable management of the drylands.
Indigenous knowledge plays a key role in the management of the rangelands resources including
water and pasture, which are key reources for sustaining livestock based livelihoods. The
custodians of such knowledge are indigenous institutions who mediate and enforce the norms rules
and regulations tht govwern pastoral systems.
Pastoralism is directly dependent on a complex interplay between natural resources, vibrant
management through proven localised institutions and livestock that have adapted itself to the
enviroment. The three key pillars of pastoralism are natural resources, institutions and the herd
which are all heavily impacted by seasonality pattern whose function is always thrown out of
normal pattern by changing climate.
Pastoralist communities manage their rangeland by dividing the range into dry and wet grazing
zones. They graze in dryer parts of the rangeland during rainy season and move to wet areas
during the dry period, when they have exhausted the pasture and water resource. This nomadic
movement has supported the pastoral survival for centuries but now their survival is at stake as
climate change takes centre stage. Climate change in dryland areas manisfests itself in floodstorms
1
Davies J., 2007, Total Economic Valuation of Kenyan Pastoralism, IUCN, Nairobi – Available at
http://cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/kenya_tev.pdf
2
SNV (2008) Process Report on the National Conference on Public Private Partnership in the Development and Management of
Livestock Marketing in the ASALs.
3
IGAD Centre for Pastoral Areas & Livestock Development (ICPALD), 2013, Policy Brief No: ICPALD 4/CLE/8/2013, POLICY
BRIEF SERIES The Contribution of Livestock to the Kenyan Economy, Nairobi, ICPALD – Available at
http://igad.int/attachments/714_The%20Contribution%20of%20Livestock%20to%20the%20Kenyan%20Economy.pdf
4
The term pastoralism refers to both an economic activity and a cultural identity, but the latter does not necessarily imply the
former. As an economic activity, pastoralism is an animal production system which takes advantage of the characteristic
instability of rangeland environments, where key resources such as nutrients and water for livestock become available in shortlived and largely unpredictable concentrations. Crucial aspects of pastoralist specialisation are: 1. The interaction of people,
animals and the environment, particularly strategic mobility of livestock and selective feeding; and 2. The development of
flexible resource management systems, particularly communal land management institutions and non-exclusive entitlements to
water resources.’ (Rok (2012) National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Northern Kenya and other Arid Lands.
Sessional Paper No. 8, Ministry of State for Development of Northern Kenya and Other Arid Lands, Office of the Prime tinister.)
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and cyclic droughts which result in disruption of livelihoods through high livestock mortality which
undermines the adaptive capacity and resilience of communities in the drylands of Kenya.
2. Problem description
Appropriate policies are a key component of stabilising the livelihoods of pastoral systems
especially those that are geared towards climate change mitigation. Policies that are well
formulated and are adaptive to the needs of pastoral communities, incorporating indigenous
knowledge and recognising the role of customary institutions will foster a robust business
environment that supports businesses and investments in pastoral systems resulting in
communities with enhanced ability to cope with climate change. The policy environment in Kenya is
robust with Climate Change laws and institutional frameworks newly established to build economic,
social and environmental resilience of communities and individuals to climate change shocks. The
policy frameworks are however devoid of a strong pastoralist agenda which leaves pastoralists and
their mainstay livestock economic system vulnerable resulting in ineffective solutions for
pastoralists’ resilience.
Strong representation (supported by evidence) for pastoralists in climate strategies and finacing
platforms at national and county levels is lacking or weak in the following specific areas:

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

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The National Climate Change Response Strategy 2010. The strategy is a commitment to
the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), to which Kenya is a
signatory. Its principal focus is ensuring adaptation and mitigation measures are
integrated in all government planning, budgeting and development objectives. The
pastoralists’ issues are not well captured in the document and there is need for
participation in its review.
County Integrated Development Plans (CIDPs)
Draft Climate Smart Agricultural framework
The National Livestock Policy. The policy recognizes the potential of ASALs in livestock
production, and proposes as one of its measures the promotion of sound range
management practices and effective disease control
The County Climate Change legislations being developed (for example in Isiolo, Wajir and
Makueni). This provides the communities with opportunities to put in customized plans for
improving their resilience
County livestock policies developed (as the case in Isiolo). This provides an opportunity to
mainstream climate resilience issues in the policy formulation processes
County water policies and strategic plans
Civil society participation in the financial platforms and policy frameworks above from a position of
knowledge and in a strategic manner will open legal avenues for economic, political, social and
environmental issues affecting vulnerability of pastoralist communities to climate change to be
addressed comprehensively.
3. Methodology
The main methods used to inform this context analysis include consultations with key actors in the
climate change agenda- state and non-state actors at the County and National levels.Key
collaborators were met both at county and national level (see annex 1). Additional sources of
information were used including the internet resources5 as well as reference to publications on comanagement livestock market models and case studies by SNV. Government publications such as
Policy and Legislative documents were also used, particularly those touching on Climate change
5
SNV www.snvworld.org and KLMC www.klmc.org websites
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such as the National Climate Change Response Strategy6, The National Climate Change Action
Plan7, The Climate Change Act 8and the Isiolo County Draft Disaster Risk Reduction Policy as well
as the Isiolo County Livestock Sales Yard Draft Bill.
The Resilience Thematic Group Partners and SNV advisors also held consultative meetings to
provide input to the Context Analysis.
4. Analysis current situation
4.1 Factors that influence the issue, its causes and the desired changes
The team applied the PESTEL model to analyse the current situation of pastoral systems. The tool
critically considers the political, Economic, Social Technological Environmental, and LEGAL factors
that affect pastoralists resielience. Table 1 below details an analysis of various factors affecting
pastoralist resilience and the nature of influence.
Factor
Nature of influence
Political factors
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
Lack of political goodwill with regard to pastoralists’ issues
Lack of adequate involvement of the Pastoral communities in the policy
formulation process
Economic
factors
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Inadequate market structures for livestock trade
Limited access to export market opportunities
Limited access to affordable credit facilities for livestock traders and
producers
Inefficiency in the livestock marketing chain because of too many
brokers and middlemen

Social factors


Environmental
factors
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Inter-community conflicts over limited resources (Pasture and Water)
Extra burden on women in caring for their families and small livestock
in the face of limited water and pasture
Lack of capacity to adopt new breeding technologies
Poor mobile network coverage in pastoral areas to support financial
transactions
Poor livestock market prices as a result of the absence of a fully
functional Livestock Market Information Management System
Floods increasing the spread of livestock diseases
Deforestation and degradation of land used by pastoralists
Technological
factors


Legal factors

Conflicting legislations within the sector

Political factors
Historical policies such as the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965 9- African Socialism and its
Application to Planning in Kenya identified pastoral areas as low potential and that government
limited resources should be invested in high potential crop producing areas. This limited
Government investment to pastoral regions affected development and their coping capacity to
climate change.
6
http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/National-Climate-Change-Response-Strategy_April-2010.pdf
http://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Kenya-National-Climate-Change-Action-Plan.pdf
http://kenyalaw.org/kl/fileadmin/pdfdownloads/Acts/ClimateChangeActNo11of2016.pdf
9
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTAFRICA/Resources/257994-1335471959878/Sessional-Paper-No-10-(1965).pdf
7
8
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In addition, due to the perception of uneconomical value of pastoralism, governments, investors
and donors are sceptical about investing in Pastoralism. This has also led to coercion of pastoralists
towards settlement in contrast to mobility. This is manifested, for instance, in increased investment
in irrigation projects in and for pastoralist communities such as the Galana Kulalo Irrigation
Scheme 10in the predominantly pastoralist Tana River County. The loss of rangeland to irrigation
schemes have reduced the pastoral grazing lands leading to conflict between the crop farmers and
pastoralist.
Over the years government policies in relation to ASAL has improved also, the new constitution of
Kenya adopted in 2010 has provided opportunities for devolution. There is visible increased
representation of pastoralists in key political and public sectors and their voice in policy making
processes is growing.
Economic factors
Due to the mobile nature of pastoralists and history of marginalisation and exclusion, there are
inadequate market structures for livestock trade. It is just until recently that co-managed livestock
markets have been set up in number of pastoralist counties with the support of civil society
organisations and foreign missions. The model provides a management system which empowers
communities to take part in the management of livestock markets in the county by working in
partnership with local government. In counties where the model has been adopted (Marsabit and
Isiolo), there has been improved market management which has attracted higher number of
traders, increased market volume and revenue accrued from livestock trade.
Despite concerted efforts to promote livestock trade and markets, the livestock producers and
traders face limitations in accessing some regional and international markets and particularly in
Europe due to low standard products – on the basis of these markets. There is therefore need to
put in place legal frameworks, institutions, programmes to enhance quality and value addition to
livestock products.
There is also inadequate investment by both the public and the private sectors in the livestock
sector, mostly as a result of the misconception that pastoral farming is not economically viable and
the lack of adequate information (reliable data on volume of livestock trade and consumption level
per capita) on the economic value of livestock farming. Compared to cash crops such as coffee,
horticulture, tea and more recently even khat, the livestock sector receives minimal financial
support from both the government and private sector in terms of credit facilities offered.
Social factors
Incessant conflicts between pastoralists themselves, with neighbouring and with communities
across the country borders (Somalia, South Sudan and Uganda) affects livestock trade and
marketing. Insecurity as a result of these conflicts deters private sector investment in pastoralism.
It is unarguable that pastoralist women suffer disproportionately to the men as a result of climate
change shocks. This is mainly due to their limited and sometimes lack of decision making authority
and adequate resource to cushion them against these effects. The women role of household chores
11are greatly affected by climate change for example water access, taking care of calves, kids and
lambs. They have to find feed for young ones and are forced to travel long distance to harvest
enough.
10
http://www.nation.co.ke/business/Kenya-secures-Sh7bn-deal-to-fund-Galana-irrigation-project/996-309742233xup4z/index.html
11
https://womennewsnetwork.net/2013/03/16/climate-change-kenya-womens-lives/
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Technological factors
Despite the increased penetration as well as rising usage of technology and particularly smart
phones in the Drylands of Kenya, there is still low uptake of appropriate technologies or
innovations such as artificial insemination and innovative use of mobile information technologies
that can increase productivity, improve income level and therefore enhance resilience. There are
opportunities for the pastoralist to provide M-Pesa service especially in livestock markets. Livestock
traders handle cash in an area which is not very secure. The provision of financial services will
attract more buyers from secondary and terminal markets. There is opportunity to use mobile apps
to develop livestock market information which will promote livestock sales by providing livestock
prices and other product prices thereby attracting traders and producers. The information on
livestock prices can be an incentive for the pastoralist to sell livestock therefore reducing nonproductive animals from their herds. Spatial mapping apps and early warning system could be
integrated in support of traditional resource management system to enhance pastoralist resilience.
Environmental factors
Pastoralism leads to 14.5% 0f human-induced GHG emissions according to a FAO 2013 report 12
however a subsequent FAO 2015 report13 with Scientists from Mazingira centre have found out that
Tier 1 emission factors established by the intergovernmental panel on climate change ( IPCC)
overestimate both methane and nitrous oxide emissions from cattle excreta, given typical
smallholder practices in east Africa. While the pastoralists don’t contribute much to climate change
they suffer from the effect of climate changes severely.
High degree of human interference in the ecosystem has increased the environmental change.
Demand for energy is one of the main drivers of deforestation and land degradation in Kenya.
Charcoal burning especially in urban centres has reduced the acacia trees which provide nutritious
pads during the dry period in pastoral Counties. The ministry of energy report indicated that the
final delivered biomass energy accounts for 78% 14of all energy consumed in Kenya. (MOE, 2002)
According to draft veterinary policy (GOK 2015), disasters like drought and massive flooding
displaces communities and contributes to the spread of vector-borne, contagious and infectious
diseases like Foot and Mouth Disease, Rift Valley Fever, Nairobi Sheep Disease, Bluetongue and
Lumpy Skin Disease. Drought and floods also lead to wind or water erosion of top soils and
destabilize the range environment.
Legal factors
Conflicting legislations on livestock movement within and across counties hampers livestock trade,
for instance the Finance Bills of Isiolo and its neighbouring counties charge different cess fees for
livestock crossing their borders instead of a uniform fee, yet pastoralists from all these counties
travel across their neighbouring counties regularly and equally. The sale yard bill under discussion
at the moment will help to harmonize livestock trade in and across counties.
Gender
The Voice for change project will pay special attention to gender issues affecting pastoralist women
in light of climate because of their vulnerability. Gender-poverty links show that 70 percent of the
poor in the world are women. The dry and pastoral lands occupy more than 80 per cent of Kenya.
The increased frequency of droughts witnessed in recent years has come with harmful
12
See http://www.fao.org/3/i3437e.pdf
13 http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4646e.pdf
14
See: http://www.bioenergylists.org/stovesdoc/Kenya/Biomass_use_Kenya.ppt
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consequences on pastoralists’ livestock and other assets. Furthermore, Women’s Environment and
Development Organisation, WEDO (2007 cited in Dankelman et al., 2008:10) state that women, as
the majority of the world’s poor, are the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Thus,
during natural disasters, often more women die than men because they are not warned, cannot
swim or cannot leave the house alone (Dankelman et al., 2008:10)15. When poor women lose their
livelihoods, they slip deeper into poverty due to the increase in inequality and marginalisation they
suffer from because of their gender. As a result, climate change presents a very specific threat to
women’s security (Dankelman et al., 2008:10)16.
4.2 Actors that influence the issue, its causes and the desired changes
Figure 1. Power matrix - Actors in pastoralist resilience
The figure above indicates the actors that this project will work with and their extent of influence
and interest. Actors in the matrix are grouped in terms of the services they provide to the
community, and some appear in more than one quadrant but are differentiated using numbers in
superscript.
The table below shows the specific actors as represented in power matrix explaining their roles and
how they relate with the partners in adressing climate change issues (engagement points). We (the
resilience thematic group) will work with these actors as described.
15
Omolo ACCFP, (2010); Gender, pastoralism and climate change: vulnerability and adaptation in Northern Kenya
16
Women’s Environment and Development Organisation, WEDO (2007): Changing the climate: Why women’s perspectives
matter. www.undp.org.cu/crmi/docs/wedoccwomen-in-2007-en.pdf (Accessed 24 May, 2010 )
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Actor
Roles
How we will engage

Work with them in
enhancing awareness
within the community

Collaborate in lobbying for
inclusion in policy making
process

Rangeland Users
Association(RUA)
Waso Trust land
Community empowerment and
civic education on many issues
Consulting and aggregating
community climate adaptation
plans and share with actors
Undertake local management
of water resources
Mandated customarily with
management of natural
resources
Management of strategic
boreholes in Merti sub county
Advocacy for land issues
Increasing community
participation in Resource
management and
allocations
Local NGOs and CBOs2
Water management committees
Pastoral women for Health and
Education
Manage domestic rural water
Championing for the rights of
women in pastoral areas

Work with them in
enhancing awareness
within the community
Work with them in
maistreaming women
issues in policies.
Generating evidence on
role of women in climate
change resilience
Local NGOs and CBOs1
Merti Integrated Development
Programme(MID-P)
Ward Adaptation Planning
Committee(WAPC)
Water Resource Users
Association (WRUA)
Dedha (14)


Government agencies (National and County)1
National Drought Management
Disaster management, ending
Authority (NDMA)
drought emergencies (EDE)
lead agency
Ministry of water, energy
Mandated with handling water,
environment and natural
environment and natural
resources
resource issues in the county
Ministry of livestock and
Mandated in the County with
Agriculture
improving livestock
production, veterinary and
marketing and Agriculture
Government agencies (National and County)2
National Environment
Environmental management
Management Authority
(
NEMA)
Kenya Metereological Services
Conducting weekly and
(KMS)
seasonal forecasts, climate
information services
Collaborate with them in
collecting evidence for
comprehensive policy
development



Development Agencies1
European Union (EU), United
State Agency for International
Development (USAID) and
Embassy of the kingdom of The
Netherlands (EKN)
Adaptation Consortium
Providing financial support and
establish programs and
projects that builds
communities’ resilience
Community resilience building
at local levels through

Work with them to ensure
enforcement of policies
that are environment
sensitive
Work with them evidence
generation and
dissemination
Share early warning
systems to improve
resilience
Work with them to
provide joint initiatives
and programmes to
address livestock
marketing and climate
change in pastoralist
counties
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International Institute for
Environment and Development
(IIED)
Care international
United Nations Development
Program (UNDP)
International Livestock Research
Institute (ILRI)
Oxfam
SNV
IFPRI
United Nation Environmental
Program (UNEP)
Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO)
CordAid
Politicians1
Pastoralist Leadership Forum
Politicians2
Kenya Women Parliamentarians
(KEWOPA)
Private Sector1
Kenya Commercil Bank Group
Private Sector2
Livestock traders associations
County Livestock Marketing
Council
mainstreaming local plans to
formal planning systems.
Climate Change Adaptation
and Community resilience
building
Poverty eradication and
Community resilience building
Helping in poverty reduction,
reduction of inequalities and
exclusion. Community
resilience building
Livestock and climate change
research
Supporting CSO involved in
development of pastoral
communities
Working with CSOs in
institutional capacity
development, Evidence
generation and policy
advocacy
Protect the environment and
developing international
policies and regulation
Developing food security
agenda for the world and
community resilience
Supporting CSO involved in
DMP and Livelohood

Undertake lobbying for
positive policies and provide
political cover for the
pastoralists
Work with them to jointly
push for the enactment of
climate change policies and
startegies
Championing for the rights of
women in Kenya
Work with them in
maistreaming women issues
in policies in Kenya.
Financial services holding
company based in Nairobi but
working all over East Africa

Work with them in
providing pastoralists and
county government with
credit facilities to cushion
against effects of Climate
change
Investments in livestock trade
Promote, organize and lobby
for enabling environment for
livestock sector

Work with them in
enhancing awareness
within the livestock
traders
Work with them in joint
initiatives to address
livestock marketing and
climate change in
pastoralist counties
Research and academic institutions
The University of Nairobi
Develop curriculum addressing
climate change, build human



Work with them in
evidence generation and
dissemination through
their websites
Establish platforms to
jointly push for the
enactment of national
policy
Work with them in
generation and
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Kenya Institute of public policy
Research Analysis(KIPPRA)
Kenya National Bereau of
Statistics (KNBS)
Media
Media Platforms
Religious Institutions
Mosques, Churches and
traditional religions
Non-pastoral communities
Agricultural and fishing
communities
resource capital and research
for evidence generation to
policy development process
Involved in policy research
and analysis, evidence
generation and dissemination
Provide national data
demography and livelihood

dissemination of well
packaged and easily
accessible evidence and
information on climate
change
Work with them in
bridging the knowledge
gaps identified in the
policies related to climate
change
Broadcast information and
knowledge to the public
Dissemination of information
and sharing successes on
Climate issues related to
Pastoralists
Mobilization of the public on
social and cultural issues
Dissemination of information
on Climate issues related to
Pastoralists
Involvement in advocating for
improvement of their
livelihoods
Work with them to improve
their understanding on
pastoralists issues
5. Knowledge gaps
The following areas are relevant inputs to climate change and pastoralist resilience discourse but
need further research:
1. Climate change and Gender with specific focus on pastoralist in Kenya. How gender and
intergenerational aspects can be mainstreamed in climate change resilience in pastoral
communities.
2. Evidence based research on the importance of pastoralists’ traditional/cultural institutions
in climate change resilience and how co-management is improving the resilience and
sustainability of markets
3. Pastoralist contribution to Kenyan economy – developing system of data collection in
collaboration with the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) to show economic
contribution livestock
4. Budget allocation in Livestock sector in ASAL Counties
5. Gaps in the legal frameworks for promotion of pastoralists voice in climate change
dialogues
6. Ongoing dialogues, their agenda and objectives at the regional and international platforms
which impact on Kenya’s national policies and are related to this project.
This project will focus on creating a stronger voice to push for improvement in pastoralists’
resilience to climate shocks by lobbying and collaborating within the existing legal frameworks
backed with researched evidence.
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Annex. List of organisations & meeting summaries
Organisation
Meeting summary
NEMA
Key role for SNV in delivering climate change finance
Interested to know of how we undertake climate
change adaptation
Interested to understand how we can get more
private sector engagement in delivering climate
change adaptation.
Interested to meet more regularly with us
Interested in less work on their side – staff already
overstretched
Interested in having ideas on adaptation
Warned against chasing climate change finance
without government support.
Climate Change Finance Focal Point Adaptation Fund, based at NEMA
Wants further engagement and support from SNV
Climate Change Finance Focal Point Green Climate Fund
Very keen to work with SNV
National Drought Management Authority
Staff
The adaptation programme ADA is key for them in
terms of resilience.
Further meetings to occur in 2016
Strong institutional capacity
Some staff have worked with SNV before
Excellent institutional and historical understanding of
resilience issues in Kenya
National Meteorology Department (Kenya
Met.)
Under the Global Climate Change Framework, Kenya
Met is working to improve services
They have poor levels of engagement directly with
pastoralists
They are interested in indigenous knowledge for
weather prediction.
They are interested in roll out of climate services to
citizens in Kenya and mechanisms to ensure that.
Local Government
I did not meet local government personnel but began
to engage with literature around climate change and
devolution. Excellent knowledge acquired on this
through LTS Africa who have been working on TAMD
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roll-out in Isiolo.
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research
Organisation
No meeting arranged.
ACTS
Interested in the research side of climate change in
Kenya
Very politically connected
Talk that they may get accreditation for the Green
Climate Fund from the Kenya Government but will
need to go through a due-diligence
LTS Africa
LTS Africa have been assisting the government in
coming up with climate change adaptation and
resilience projects through the StarK+ programme.
LTS are close allies with SNV already. Keen to
partner more on winning bids
SNV Kenya can learn a lot from LTS on M&E for
climate change adaptation and resilience.
They have an excellent understanding of the climate
change landscape in Kenya.
PanAfrican Climate Justice Alliance
CDKN
Did not meet them as part of this assignment but
met them 15 months ago. I had heard that they are
gaining more traction and support. I would be keen
to meet them in June or September.
CDKN are supporting lots of different initiatives in
Kenya
They are producing good information/communication
materials
They may be keen on working with the CSO’s within
the EBA programme
Climate Innovation Centre (Stratmore
University)
The CIC are supporting the emerging business
ecosystem around climate change ….mostly around
mitigation and slowly about resilience.
There are opportunities to engage more with them,
as SNV Ghana is also supporting the CIC there.
We can engage more when the USAID Climate Smart
Agriculture and Private Sector BAA gets signed.
CIC are keen to meet SNV Kenya senior
management.
Climate Change Institute at University of
The University of Nairobi has recently established an
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Nairobi.
Institute of Climate Change
This has resulted in over 100 masters and PhD
students undertaking studies.
There are opportunities for SNV to engage especially
on CVs for bids.
Their research could be beneficial to strengthening
some of SNV Kenya’s programmes – they cover both
agriculture and renewable energy.
UNDP/UNEP
There are continued opportunities to engage with
UNEP and UNDP through the EBA programme –
especially in selling best practices that come out of
the work.
UNEP are keen to work with SNV as implementers.
Care Kenya
Mary Robinson Foundation for Climate
Justice
INTASAVE
World Bank
UNDP continue to help the government on climate
change finance readiness
Care Kenya have been heavily involved in climate
change policy in Kenya.
Care have been strategic about their engagement
Care have undertaken a lot of capacity building work
with the government, often at their own costs
They produce strong country specific documents.
This organization based in Ireland could help in
promoting our work. They focus on the human rights
aspects of climate change.
Have been working on climate change planning and
training at the local level.
Keen to work with SNV
Have good ability to train CSO’s as needed,
especially on climate change.
Continue to support the Kenyan government
Supporting private sector engagement in climate
smart agriculture
Understand that capacity development is needed
across the sector.
Currently difficult to find entry points.
County NDMA ISIOLO, County Ministry of
Water, Environment and Natural resources,
County Ministry of livestock and
Agriculture, County Kenya Meteorological
Services, Merti Integrated Development
program (MID-P), Dedha Elders etc.
A briefing meeting in Isiolo about the voice of change
partnership project.
Potential partners very happy with the project
initiation style.
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