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WJEC GCSE ADDITIONAL Chemistry – Atomic Structure
Statement
I know that all substances are made of atoms.
I know that all substances made of ONE sort of atom only are called ELEMENTS.
I know that atoms of each element are represented by a chemical symbol.
I know that atoms have a small central NUCLEUS containing positive PROTONS and
neutral NEUTRONS.
I know that PROTONS have a MASS of 1 unit and a charge of +1.
I know that NEUTRONS have a MASS of 1 unit and 0 charge.
I know that the nucleus is surrounded by very small negative particles called
ELECTRONS.
I know that ELECTRONS have NEGLIGIBLE MASS and a charge of -1.
I know that all ATOMS are ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL because they have EQUAL
NUMBERS of positive protons and negative electrons so the charges cancel.
I know that all atoms of the same element have the SAME number of protons.
I know that atoms of DIFFERENT elements have DIFFERENT numbers of protons.
I know that the ATOMIC NUMBER of an atom is the BOTTOM NUMBER next to
the symbol for the element in the Periodic Table.
I know that the ATOMIC NUMBER of an atom tells us the NUMBER OF PROTONS
in the nucleus of an atom. It also tells us the NUMBER OF ELECTRONS in the
atom.
I know that the MASS NUMBER of an atom is the TOP NUMBER next to the
symbol for the element in the Periodic Table.
I know that the MASS NUMBER tells us the SUM of the number of PROTONS
PLUS the number of NEUTRONS in the nucleus of an atom.
I know that I can find the NUMBER OF NEUTRONS in the nucleus of an atom by
SUBTRACTING the ATOMIC NUMBER FROM the MASS NUMBER.
I can use symbols like 23Na to work out the protons, neutrons and electrons
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in an atom.
I know that electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom in SHELLS or
ENERGY LEVELS.
I know that the shell nearest to the nucleus is FULL when it has a maximum of 2
electrons.
I know that the other shells can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.
I know that the combining power (valency) of an element can be found from its
position in the Periodic Table and the number of electrons there are in its outer
shell.
I know that metals in groups 1,2 and 3 have the SAME combining power as their
group number.
I know that Non metals have a combining power which is equal to the number of
GAPS in their OUTER SHELL.
Yes
No
Not
sure