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T H E CELL Robert Hooke Looked at cork under a “microscope”. Saw the first cells. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Developed the first simple lens-based light microscope that used a high-quality lens. CELL THEORY The Cell Is The Basic Unit Of Structure and Function in ALL Living Things. All Living Things Are Made Of Cells. All Cells Come From Pre-Existing Cells. LIGHT MICROSCOPE • Uses light and lenses to create an image • Maximum magnification of 1000x • Good for general use • Used in schools worldwide SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM) • Used to view details of outer structure • Can magnify up to 250,000x • Bounces electrons off of the sample to create a 3-D image • Great for identifying small unknown samples TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (TEM) • Shows internal workings of the cell • Can magnify up to 100,000x • Shoots electrons THROUGH the sample to create a “map” of the insides • Good for viewing organelles and cell research WHICH MICROSCOPE DO I NEED, AND WHY?? IThere’s found a butterfly wing, and aanew virus making newwhat virus that is I IThere’s wonder my want to see what cells killing people. Ineed want tolook see a people sick, wethe to get skin cells look like. like that make it up. what parts of the cells it infects. better look at it. LIGHT MICROSCOPE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE THE TWO MAIN CELL CLASSES: PROKARYOTE AND EUKARYOTE WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES?? IMPORTANT POINTS YOU SHOULD PROBABLY WRITE DOWN • Eukaryotes have a nucleus with a membrane, Prokaryotes DO NOT. • Eukaryotic organelles have membranes, Prokaryotes DO NOT. • Eukaryotes are bigger than Prokaryotes • Eukaryotes compose most of the “big” organisms on earth, while Prokaryotes are usually things like bacteria. EUKARYOTIC LIFE ANIMAL CELLS vs PLANT CELLS What’s The Same? What’s Different? ANIMAL CELLS vs PLANT CELLS ANIMAL CELLS vs PLANT CELLS KNOW THAT: • Animal cells and plant cells share a lot of the same organelles • Plant cells have a CELL WALL, CHLOROPLASTS, and a CENTRAL VACUOLE. Animal cells DO NOT. • Animal cells have FLAGELLUM, LYSOSOMES, and CENTRIOLES, Plant cells DO NOT. That’s a LOT of information!! What do I need to know??