Download 18.1 Macromolecules

Macromolecules
SC.912.L.18.1
Animals breathe in oxygen (O2). This O2 is used in
their bodies in the breakdown of the glucose and
fatty acids. The main function of the breakdown of
glucose and fatty acids is to provide energy for
chemical reactions by producing which of the
following?
A. enzymes
B. deoxyribonucleic acid
C. adenosine
adenosine triphosphate
triphosphate
D. proteins
What biological macromolecule is generally
insoluble in water and functions in an important role
in biological membranes?
A. carbohydrates
B. proteins
C. nucleic acid
D. lipids
lipids
Which of the following best describes the major
function of the biological macromolecule DNA?
A. provides the energy required by the cell
B. synthesizes RNA
C. stores information
informationthat
thattranslates
translatesinto
intomaking
making
proteins
D. decreases the activation energy required for a
reaction
This type of macromolecule is composed of fused
carbon rings, and resembles a piece of honeycomb.
A. carbohydrate
B. steroid
steroid
C. nucleic acid
D. protein
Which answer best describes how carbohydrates
and lipids are similar?
A. Both contain fats and oils and have an important
structural function within the cell.
B. Both are polymers that are linked by peptide
bonds.
C. Both are nucleic acids involved in making ATP.
D. Both contain
contain carbon,
carbon,hydrogen,
hydrogen,and
andoxygen,
oxygen,and
are
downdown
as a source
of energy.
andbroken
are broken
as a source
of energy.
Which biological molecule transports substances,
speeds up reactions, makes hormones, and provides
structural support?
A. carbohydrates
B. proteins
proteins
C. deoxyribonucleic acid
D. adenosine triphosphate
Amylase is an enzyme found in saliva that begins the
digestion process. After the amylase has acted on a
food particle, which of the following is true?
A. the mouth cells must produce more amylase to
replace it
B. the amylase
amylase isis still
stillpresent
presentand
andable
abletotocatalyze
catalyze
another reaction
reaction
C. the amylase bonds to a mouth cell to prevent it
from being moved to the stomach
D. the amylase becomes a biologically inert particle
Nucleotides consist of a phosphate group, a
nitrogenous base, and which of the following?
A. fatty acids
B. an amino acid
C. a 5-carbon sugar
sugar
D. glycerol
As food travels through the digestive system, it is
exposed to a variety of pH levels. The stomach has a
pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl),
and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9.
HCl? HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme
that digests proteins in the stomach. Which of the
following most likely happens in to pepsin as it enters
the small intestine?
A. it becomes
becomes inactive
inactive
B. it begins to replicate
C. its shape changes to engulf large proteins
D. its activity increases to digest more proteins
Starch, glycogen and cellulose are all chains of these
monomers.
A. sugars
B. amino acids
C. nucleotides
D. fatty acids
OUT OF 10 QUESTIONS
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1/10 = 10%
2/10 = 20%
3/10 = 30%
4/10 = 40%
5/10 = 50%
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•
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6/10 = 60%
7/10 = 70%
8/10 = 80%
9/10 = 90%
10/10 = 100%