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CHAPTER 6 VOCAB REVIEW Physical Science 7th Grade TERMS: • Acid rain • Crystal Lattice • Atom • Dissociate • Atomic Mass • Dissolve • Atomic Number • Element • Chemical Formula • Heterogeneous Mixture • Chemical Symbol • Homogenous Mixture • Compound • Hydrocarbon • Crystal • Ion • Metalloid • Isotope • Mixture • Polar • Molecule • Pure Substance • Periodic Table of Elements • Solute • Solution • Solvent • Acid Rain-Rain water that has pH below 7; caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and other pollutants • Atom-the smallest part of an element, composed of a nucleus of protons and neutrons, surrounded by an electron cloud. • Atomic Mass-the average number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of a particular element. • Atomic Number-the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of a particular element. • Chemical Formula-an expression of the elements in a compound and their ratios in which the elements are denoted by their chemical symbols. • Chemical Symbol-the symbol for one of the 118 elements listed in the Periodic Table of Elements. • Compound- two or more elements chemically bonded together. • Crystal-the atomic structure of a substance held together by ionic bonds, characterized by the orderly arrangement of atoms in a rigid lattice structure. • Crystal Lattice-the structural framework in which atoms are arranged in a crystal. • Dissociate-when the ions in a crystal lattice come apart and go into a solution during the process of dissolving. • Dissolve-when a solute mixes with a solvent so that the particles of solute and solvent are mixed together uniformly all the way down to the molecular level. • Element-a substance characterized by atoms all possessing the same number of protons in the nucleus. • Heterogeneous Mixture-a mixture in which the presence of a t least two different substances is visible to the eye. • Homogenous Mixture-a mixture with a composition that is uniform throughout, all the way down to the molecular level. • Hydrocarbon-any molecule consisting of only hydrogen and carbon atoms, typically fossil fuels and other compounds derived from them. • Ion- a charged atom, it has either gained or lost an electron. • Isotope-any variety of the atoms of an element, differing in the number of neutrons within its nucleus. • Metalloid-a group of seven elements in between the metals and nonmetals. • Mixture-a combination of substances that occurs without any chemical reaction. Substances in the mixture retain their own properties and may be physically separated from one another. • Molecule-a chemically bonded cluster of atoms. • Periodic Table of Elements-originally developed by Dimitri Mendeleev and ordered by the cycle of the element’s properties. Now there are 118 elements that have been discovered and they ordered by their atomic number. • Polar-when the electrons in a molecule are not balanced, so one end or region of the molecule is more positively charged and another region is more negatively charged. • Pure Substance-an element or a compound. • Solute-a solid, liquid, or gas that is to be dissolved into a fluid. • Solution-a homogeneous mixture formed when one substance dissolves into another substance. • Solvent-a fluid into which a solute is dissolved.