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Download Founding the Roman Republic
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Rome Notes Jelani Taylor pg.1 Founding the Roman Republic The land its Geography and Importance: Italy looks like a giant boot The top is sheltered by the alps to the north The Mediterranean sea to the south The Adriatic sea to the east The Tyrrhenian sea to the west The Apennine mountains run down the full length of the boot The Po River is to the north Rome is located on the Tiber river Rome and the beginning of an empire: Latin = Ancestors The Latins moved in to west central Italy sometime before the mid 700’s of B.C The plains region was called Latium Villages were built along the Tiber river Eventually the villages united to become Rome Etruscan kings came in late 600 B.C from northern Italy Etruscans had a written language which the romans adapted The Etruscans had crafted jewelry, made fine clothing, skillful in metal, pottery, and wood Knew how to pave roads, drain marshes, and construct sewers Greeks =Culture The Greeks settled in southern Italy on Sicily which became city states Roman gods mirrored Greek gods different name same traits Zeus (Greek)=(Roman) Jupiter Rome was at the center of trade routes that spread out across the land in all directions Roman Republic Republic- A form of government in which voters elect officials to run the state. Only adult male citizens were entitled to vote and take part in government Senate Most influential and powerful of the three governing bodies because it controlled public funds and decided foreign policy Sometimes acted as a court In times of emergency the senators could propose that a citizen could be named dictator or absolute ruler He could rule for up to 6 Months During that period he had complete command over the army and courts Magistrates Made up of consuls, censors, and assemblies 2 individuals were elected one year terms to serve as consuls or chief executives The consuls ran the government, commanded army, and could appoint dictators Rome Notes Jelani Taylor pg.2 Each consul could veto the act of another Legionaries= citizens Praetors commanded armies in times of war Auxilia= non-citizens Praetors oversaw legal system in times of peace Censors registered citizens according to wealth Assemblies Citizens in assemblies voted on laws and elected officials including the consuls Some assemblies voted to make war or to make peace The assemblies elected 10 tribunes who had some power over actions by the senate and other public officials The Conflict of orders Patricians- powerful land owners who controlled the government. As nobles they inherited their power Plebeians-made up most of the population were mainly farmers and workers Eventually the plebeians forced the government to write down laws on the twelve tables Every adult citizen who owned land was required by laws to serve in the Roman army