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Name: ______________________________ Date: _________________ Period: ___________ Chemistry Test - Study Guide Due: ____________ Test on: ___________ Objective # of Questions Ⓡ 8.5 (A) Atoms: Students will be able to describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations of protons, neutrons, and electrons. 7 Ch. 2.2 and notes Ⓡ 8.5 (B) Element Identity: Students will be able to identify that protons determine an element’s identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties. 4 Ch. 2.4 and notes Ⓡ 8.5 (C) Periodic Table: Students will be able to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods. Ⓡ 8.5 (D) Chemical Formulas: Students will be able to recognize that chemical formulas are used to identify substances and determine the number of atoms of each element. Ⓡ 8.5 (E) Chemical Reactions: Students will be able to investigate how evidences of chemical reactions indicate that new substances are formed. Ⓡ 8.5 (F) Balancing Equations: Students will be able to recognize whether or not a chemical equation is balanced and how that applies to the Law of Conservation of Mass. Ⓢ 6.5(C) Elements & Compounds: Differentiate between elements and compounds on the most basic level. Ⓢ 6.6 (B) Density: Students will be able to calculate density and use density to determine if an object will sink or float. Ⓢ 6.6 (A) Physical Properties: Compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity or malleability. Ⓢ 7.6B Physical & Chemical Changes: Distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter in the digestive system. Ⓢ 8.2 (C) Measuring: Students will be able to measure solids, liquids, and gases. 4 5 Ch. 2.3 and notes Ch. 3.3 and notes Ch. 3.3 and notes Ch. 3.3 and notes Notes 2 Notes 3 4 Ch. 2 section 3 Lab 4 Labs 3 6 10 1. As you move from left to right on the periodic table what happens to the number of valence electrons? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What are the elements in the chemical formula of caffeine C8H10N4O2? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How many atoms are in sulfuric acid H2SO4? How many atoms of Sulfur are in the formula? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the difference between an element, compound, and mixture? _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Matter is anything that has _____________________ and _________________________________. A physical property is observed with the senses and can be determined without changing the substance. For example, color, shape, mass, length, density, specific heat, and odor are all examples of physical change. A chemical property indicates how a substance reacts with another substance. The original substance is fundamentally changed in observing a chemical property. For example, the ability of iron to rust is a chemical property. The iron has reacted with oxygen and the original iron metal is gone. It is now iron oxide, a new substance. Classify the following properties as either a physical (P) or chemical (C) property. 6. Blue color 7. Density 8. Flammability 9. Solubility 10. Melting point 11. Reacts with water to form a gas 12. Hardness 13. Boiling point 14. Luster 15. Odor _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ In a physical change, the original substance still exists; it has only changed in form. In a chemical change, a new substance is produced. Classify each of the following as a physical (P) or chemical (C) change. 16. A piece of wood burns to form ash. 17. Water is absorbed by a paper towel. 18. A piece of apple rots on the ground. 19. Milk goes sour. 20. Mixing blue and red water to make purple water. 21. Yeast making bread rise. 22. A plant turns sunlight, CO2, and H2O into glucose and O2 through photosynthesis. 23. A tire is inflated with air. 24. Candle wax melts. 25. Turning on a light bulb. _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ 26. What kind of physical and chemical changes happen in your body when breaking down your food? Complete the table. Process Description Chewing Using teeth to break food into smaller pieces Softening for swallowing and predigestion through enzymes in saliva Acid in the stomach break down foods, producing heat and nutrients for the body Additional chemicals continue to break down foods into useable nutrients Saliva Stomach Intestines Physical or Chemical Change Evidence 27. Compare endothermic and exothermic reactions. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 28. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of Calcium? What is the atomic number and atomic mass of Calcium? P= __________ N=___________ E=__________ Atomic #=__________ Atomic Mass=___________ 29. What has to take place in order for a chemical equation to be balanced? ______________________________________________________________________________________ 30. Balance this equation: Zn + HCl ---> What are the reactants? ________________________ ZnCl2 + H2 the products? ______________________ 31. How many electrons are in a neutral atom of an element with an atomic mass of 48 and an atomic number of 22? __________________ 32. What are the period, group, and symbol for Tin? period___________group_________symbol__________ 33. What number that is represented on each element of the periodic table shows how many electrons and protons it holds? ____________________________________________________________________ 34. How do you find out how many neutrons are in an atom? _____________________________________ 35. Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids located on the periodic table of elements? Give 3 properties of metals and nonmetals. Metals- _______________________________________________________________________________ Nonmetals - ___________________________________________________________________________ Metalloids - ___________________________________________________________________________ 36. Elements in the same family (group) have ________________ properties. 37. Elements can be identified on their number of _______________. 38. Circle all the letters that apply. a. Which element has the greatest atomic mass? b. Which elements do not conduct heat and electricity? c. Which elements have properties of both metal and non-metal? d. Which element is a highly reactive alkali metal? e. Which element is a reactive halogen? A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E F G H F G H F G H F G H F G H 39. Draw the Bohr model for Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl). Sodium # protons _____ # neutrons _____ # electrons _____ # valence electrons_____ Chlorine # protons_____ # neutrons _____ # electrons _____ # valence electrons _____ 40. If an object has a mass of 6 grams and a volume of 4 cm3, what is the density of the object? Show your work. 4 cm 41. Find the density of the cube to the right with a mass of 20.0 g. Show your work. 5 cm 6 cm 42. What is the volume of a rock with a mass of 24.0 g and a density of 1.40 g/mL? show your work 43. Where are the noble gases located on the periodic table? ______________________How many electrons do they have in their outer shell? __________Can they easily form bonds with other elements? ________ Why or why not?________________________________________________________________________ 44. Explain the law of conservation of mass? _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 45. If 50 grams of sodium react with chlorine to form 126 grams of salt. How many grams of chlorine reacted? 46. Explain what is happening in the reaction represented by the equation. Write out the equation in words. 2H2 (g) + O2 (g) 2H2O (l) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Complete the following chart for the 3 particles that make up an atom: Sub-atomic particle Charge Mass Location in the atom Proton Neutron Electron Where is most of an atom’s mass located? ____________________________________________________ 48. How many milliliters (mL) are in 5 liters (L)? Show your work. 49. How many cubic centimeters (cm3) are in 24 milliliters (mL)? Show your work. 50. How many grams (g) are in 17 centigrams (cg)? Show your work.