Download Name: Gr.12 Biology Unit 3: Evolution (Ch.27) Section A: Multiple

Name: ___________________________
Gr.12 Biology Unit 3: Evolution (Ch.27)
Section A: Multiple Choice (12 marks) Circle the BEST answer.
1. Darwin’s theory of evolution is based on:
a. Natural selection and survival of the fittest
b. Natural selection and survival of the most weak
c. Nothing. Nothing at all. After all, it’s just a theory.
d. Natural selection only
2. The Miller-Urey experiments used the following reactants:
a. CH4, NH3, H2, H20 in the presence of O2
b. CH4, NH4, H2 only
c. CH4, NH3, H2, H20 in the absence of O2
d. CH4, NH4, H20 in the absence of O2
3. The protein-first hypothesis is supported by the discovery of:
a. Ribozymes
b. Protenoids
c. Nucleic acid polymerization
d. Polypeptides
4. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is helpful to biologists because:
a. It predicts the allelic frequency in future generations when evolution DOES occur
b. It predicts the allelic frequency in future generations when NO evolution occurs
c. It allows biologists to understand how speciation occurs
d. It makes for awesome Punnett squares on napkins during dinner dates
5. All true cells:
a. Absorb nutrients
b. Synthesize sugars
c. Export minerals
d. Replicate DNA
e. Have at least 100 friends on Facebook
6. There have likely been _____ mass extinctions in Earth’s history:
a. 4
b. 5
c. 3
d. 1
7. Fossils that serve as transitional links allow scientists to:
a. Understand how climate affects evolution
b. Identify the relative age (relative dating) of fossils
c. Deduce why evolution occurred
d. Identify the absolute age (absolute dating) of fossils
e. Feel really good. It usually leads to them looking into the mirror and giving themselves a
high five.
8. An explanation for why the peacock has such an extravagant tail:
a. Disruptive selection
b. Directional selection
c. Sexual selection
d. Stabilizing selection
9. The wing of an insect and the wing of a bat are (these two organisms do NOT share a common
ancestor) :
a. Analogous structures
b. Evidence of a common ancestor
c. Homologous structures
d. Homogeneous structures
10. In 1859, Charles Darwin suspected that whales evolved from: (and DNA evidence has
substantiated this claim)
a. Sharks
b. Fish
c. Land mammals
d. Aliens
11. With stabilizing selection (a type of natural selection):
a. Extreme phenotypes are selected against
b. One extreme phenotype is favoured
c. Two extreme phenotypes are favoured
d. Involves random mating
12. Human birth weight is an example of the result of:
a. Stabilizing selection
b. Directional selection
c. Disruptive selection
d. Typical selection
Section B: Short Answer (18 marks)
Answer the following questions. You may use point form if you wish.
13. What is the difference between a scientific hypothesis and a scientific theory? (1)
14. Define biological evolution. (2)
15. What is meant by “fitness” in biology? Who came up with the concept of “survival of the
fittest”? (2)
16. What do all living organisms share in common in their biochemistry? (2)
17. List the 5 conditions that need to be met for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (5)
18. What’s the difference between genetic drift and gene flow? Give an example of each in your
explanation. (4)
19. What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation? (2)
Part C: Long Answer (5 marks each = 10 marks)
20. Answer TWO of the following questions on looseleaf/foolscap provided.
a. What is meant by “prezygotic isolating mechanisms” in terms of reproductive isolation?
List the four types of prezygotic isolation, and give an example of each. (5)
b. Explain the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction in terms of
evolutionary advantages. (5)
c. A population of moths can be grey (bb) or brown (BB, Bb) in phenotype. According to
Hardy-Weinberg principles (and assuming all the criteria are met), what would be the
allelic frequencies of the following population? Show your work (like maybe a Punnett
square or something…) (5)
Population genotype frequencies: BB= 0.25, Bb=0.25, bb=0.5
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