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First1. Does Ten this empire look familiar? 2. How does it compare to the one Alexander the Great created? 3. How could Rome’s geographic location help it to prosper? Hook • What building is this? What was it used for? Work Session • Roman Republic Notes • 12 Tables Worksheet The Roman Republic What can we learn about Rome based on these sources? “All roads lead to Rome.” “Rome was not built in a day.” “When in Rome . . .” How did Rome win such a place in modern popular culture? Italy’s geography • Peninsula: Pros and cons? • Juts south from Europe far into Mediterranean Sea • Lies almost halfway between eastern, western boundaries of the Mediterranean sea • Protected by mountains, sea • Rich soil, mild climate How was Italy • Legend (Myth):founded? Romulus and Remus, twin brothers raised by she-wolf; founded city 753 BC • Reality: Members of Indo-European tribe, Latins, reached Italy 1000s BC; built Rome • City prospered partly from location on Tiber River • Valuable trade routes, easy access to sea Video Break! • Life of a Roman Teenager Roman Government • Rome was first a REPUBLIC before it was an EMPIRE. • A republic is a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders. In Rome, citizenship with voting rights was granted only to free-born male citizens. Patricians • wealthy landowners who held most of the power • inherited their power and social status. Plebeians • common farmers, artisans, and merchants • made up the majority of the population. • citizens of Rome with the right to vote. • barred by law from holding most important government positions Roman Government Continued • Consuls • 2 officials who ruled together (Executive Branch) • Commanded the army and directed the government • Senate • Aristocratic (nobles) • Legislative and administrative functions in the republic • Patricians • Tribune • Rome’s leaders allowed the plebeians to form their own assembly and elect representatives called tribunes. • Tribunes protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patrician officials. • Dictator • ONLY in times of crisis, the republic could appoint a dictator • a leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army Activity • Generate a list of 3 similarities and 2 differences between Rome’s government and the modern American government. The 12 Tables • In 451 B.C., a group of ten officials began writing down Rome’s laws. • The laws were carved on twelve bronze tablets, or tables, and hung in the Forum. • The Twelve Tables (Rome’s first written law code) established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law. Twelve Tables Activity • Worksheet Last Ten • 3 – aspects of Roman gov’t • 2 – vocabulary terms I learned today • 1 – vocabulary word I need more clarification with • Timeline Homework