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Principles of Biology
Final Exam
Name: ______________________
Fill in the blank space using the most appropriate word from the list provided on the last page of this
exam. Each question is worth two points.
1.
_____________________ are microorganisms that only exist in the absence of oxygen.
2.
The flagellated chambers of sponges are lined with ____________________ that are responsible for
the constant flow of water through the sponge.
3.
_____________________ are a group of photosynthetic bacteria that were once considered algae.
4.
_____________________ was the naturalist on the HMS Beagle in 1831-1836.
5.
Organisms with cells that contain a nucleus and membrane bound organelles are called
_____________________.
6.
_____________________ is the division of the cytoplasm that occurs in telophase.
7.
_____________________ individuals carry one dominate and one recessive allele for a particular trait.
8.
The ___________________, a product of fertilization is always diploid.
9.
The basic structure of the cell membrane (plasma membrane) is a bilayer of ____________________.
10. The ____________________ is the outward expression of the genotype.
11. A ___________________ solution contains a lower solute concentration than that of the cell.
12. Fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals are in the phylum ____________________.
13. _____________________ was an Austrian monk who discovered certain laws of heredity in the early
1860s.
14. Bacterial cells occur in three different shapes; spirillum, _________________, and
__________________.
15. The ____________________ is a hollow ball of cells that results from multiple mitotic divisions in the
zygote.
Part II. Unless otherwise instructed (i.e. list or illustrate), you should provide complete but concise
sentences in response to the following questions. Use appropriate technical terms when necessary
and construct you responses carefully and logically. Carefully label all figures and tables.
16. Use a drawing and labels to show the structure and arrangement of the phospholipid bilayer. Make
sure you show the following: hydrophilic and hydrophobic ends of phospholipids, proteins, and cytoplasm.
(5 points)
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17. Compare and contrast characteristics of the five kingdoms in the table below. (15 points)
Protista
Monera
Fungi
Animalia
Plantae
18. Compare and contrast protostomes and deuterostomes. (4 points)
19. Contrast the functions of mitosis and meiosis. (5 points)
20. Use an example and a short verbal description to explain how breeding with a homozygous
recessive individual can allow you to determine an unknown allel in another individual. (6 points)
B? x bb
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21. Use a flow diagram to show the steps in the scientific method. (6 points)
22. Give the formula for photosynthesis and respiration. (6 points)
23. What is conservation biology? (5 points)
24. Who is the author of your textbook? (2 points)
25. Fill in the blank labels in the figure below. (6 points)
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Word List
adenine
aerobic
Animalia
apical
apocrine
bacillus
bacteria
blasopore
blastula
choanocytes
choanoflagellates
Chordata
chromatids
chromatin
chromosomes
coccus
cyanobacteria
cytokinesis
Darwin
deuterostomes
eukaryotes
facultative anaerobes
femur
Platyhelminthes
polar bodies
polymorphic
Porifera
protostomes
pseudopodium
Si
ulna
unicellular
uricile
water
xylem
zygote
flagellum
glycolysis
guanine
heart
heterozygous
homozygous dominate
homozygous recessive
hypertonic
hypotonic
isothermic
isotonic
Mendel
meristem
microbiology
mitosis
Monera
morphology
obligate anaerobes
oxygen
phenotype
phloem
phospholipids
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