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Transcript
BLOCK 7/26 - 7/27 What is the class policy regarding: • Food • Drinks • Electronic Devices Thursday 7/28 • Compare/Contrast Qualitative and Quantitative Observations: • Name at least 2 of the properties that all living things share Friday 7/29 Scientific Process/Scientific Method List the 6 Steps we discussed in class: • • • • • • What do you do if your Hypothesis is rejected? Monday 8/1 • • Define Independent Variable What is another name for the I.V.? • • Define Dependent Variable What is another name for the D.V.? • What are the controlled variables in an experiment BLOCK 8/2 – 8/3 • Explain how the terms “DRY” and “MIX” can be of help when graphing: (what do all letters stand for) • Draw and label the X and Y axes on a graph Thursday 8/4 • What are the 5 things required on every graph? – – – – – • The X-axis covers 34 squares on your graph paper. Your IV data ranges from 0 to 150 years. What scale could you use to set up your x-axis? (1 square =?? Or years per square) Show your MATH!!!! Friday 7/31 • What do each of the following letters represent, and what is each unit’s numeric value (if Base Unit = 1) • • K H ___ ___ D deca B Base D deci C M ___ ___ • __ __ __ 1 ___ ___ ___ • What is metric unit of length? • What is metric unit of volume (liquid)? • What is metric unit of mass? Monday 8/8 • Convert 48 centimeters (cm) to: _______ meters (m) _______ millimeters (mm) • Convert 245 milliliters (ml) to: _______ liters (l) • How many mm in (1) meter? _________ • How many mm in (1) cm? _________ • How many cm in (1) meter? _________ BLOCK 8/9 – 8/10 • What is the volume of an object measuring: 11 cm X 7 cm X 2 cm (include units!!) • Describe how you can determine the volume of an irregularly shaped object such as a rock, a marble or a threaded nut? Thursday 8/11 • List four Chemistry-related things you recall learning about: • • • • Friday 8/12 • Define “element”: • What 4 elements compose 90% of the mass of most organisms? • Define “atom”: • What three particles make up an atom? • Electrons in an atom’s outermost shell are called ______________ electrons Monday 8/15 • Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons; these variations of an element are called:______ • An atom’s Atomic Number is equal to that element’s number of :______________ • An element’s Atomic Mass is equal to its number of _________ plus its number of __________ . • To determine the number of neutrons, the ________is subtracted from the ________ BLOCK 8/16 – 8/17 • Define Compound: • Define Molecule: • What occurs in a Covalent bond? • What occurs on an Ionic bond? • What do you call an atom that loses an electron? • Gains an electron? Thursday 8/18 • What type of chemical bond forms between Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms in the making of a water molecule? • What type of chemical bond forms between two water molecules? • What do we mean when we say that water is a polar molecule? • Draw a Bohr Model of water Monday 8/22 • Compare adhesion and cohesion: • Describe capillary action and give an example: • Compare hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, and give an example of each: • Draw the pH scale, including ranges for acids, bases BLOCK 8/23 – 8/24 • What do the horizontal rows or Periods in a Periodic Table represent? • What do the vertical columns or Families in a Periodic Table represent? • Why is water considered to be ‘Polar’? • How do you determine the # of neutrons in an atom? Thursday 8/25 • What are the 4 major classes of Macromolecules, and give an example of each: – – – – Friday 8/26 • What is the chemical formula for Glucose: • Simple Sugars (monosaccharides) are usually found arranged in what type of structural shape? • What are the functions and types of organisms that use the following polysaccharides: – Starch – Glycogen – Cellulose – Chitin Monday 8/29 List 3 facts about Saturated Fats: List 3 facts about Unsaturated Fats: Describe the structure of a Phospholipid: Which end of a phospholipid is Polar? Nonpolar? Draw a phospholipid bilayer: BLOCK 8/30 - 8/31 • There are how many Amino Acids?______ • From these amino acids, we can build how many proteins? __________________ • Draw and Label the parts of an amino acid: • When a protein is unfolded and loses its original 3dimensional shape, it has become _____________ • What are two ways a protein can lose its shape? Thursday 9/1 • What is “Activation Energy”, and how is it affected by an enzyme? • List two unique characteristics of enzymes: • What is a substrate? • What was the substrate in the Enzyme demonstration I gave on Block Day? Friday 9/2 • What are the monomers of a Nucleic Acid polymer? • What are the 3 parts of a Nucleic Acid’s monomer? • List 3 differences between DNA and RNA: – – – Monday Thursday 9/3 • What is class policy on food and drinks? • What is class policy on phones and other electronic devices? • Are you satisfied with your current performance/grade in Biology, and why/why not? (2 sentence minimum) Friday 9/9 • Compare and Contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells: • What is the common example of a prokaryote: • What are two common eukaryotic cell types: • Explain how DNA is arranged in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells: Thursday 9/15 • Name 4 organelles found inside a cell and their function: – – – – • How do plant cells and animal cells differ? (At least 3 things) BLOCK 9/13 – 9/14 • What are the 3 parts of the Cell Theory? – – – • Which cellular structure manufactures Proteins? • What organelle converts the chemical energy in food (bonds in glucose) into usable energy (ATP)? • What organelle converts light energy into chemical energy (bonds in glucose)? Friday 9/16 • How do Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells differ? • Compare magnification and resolution: • What is the total magnification if the Ocular lens has a 20 X magnification and the High Power objective has a 60 X magnification? • What type of microscope have we been using? Monday 9/19 • Name 3 things found in Plants cells, not in animal? • Name one organelle found in animal cells but not in plants ? • What are the total magnification powers of the compound light microscopes we used: – Scanning = – Low Power = – High Power = Thursday 9/22 • What is the cell membrane composed of? – – • What would happen to a freshwater frog placed into a bucket of salt water? (don’t just say die) • What would happen to a marine jellyfish placed into a bucket of fresh water? (don’t just say die) Friday 9/23 • What are the three types of Passive Transport? – – – Down or Up the concentration gradient?? • What are the three types of Active Transport? – – – Down or Up the concentration gradient? • Active Transport requires what energy molecule? Thursday 9/29 Four things you recall about how/why cells divide: • • • • Wednesday 10/19 What is class policy on: • Food • Drinks • Phones/Electronic Devices • Define the following: – Gamete – Gene – Chromatids – Zygote – Autosomes • What happens during the “S” phase of Interphase? • Diploid or Haploid? Gametes Zygote Somatic Cells • What are 4 types of mutations that can occur in a chromosome’s structure? • What occurs during Anaphase of Mitosis? • Human gametes contain ______ autosome(s) and _______ sex chromosomes. • If an organism has a diploid number of 2n=36, how many chromosomes will it’s sex cells have? • Starting with G1, what is the correct sequence of the cell cycle? • Which genes stimulate cell division and which genes put the “brake” on cell division? • What is Photosynthesis? (Include reactants and products in your response) • What is one thing you learned from the article from Friday? BLOCK 10/27 – 10/28 • Write out the balanced equation for Photosynthesis • Compare Species, Population, and Community • Show a food chain of 4 organisms and label each Trophic Level • How much energy gets transferred from one trophic level to the next? Thursday 10/29 • What was the Source for your Current Events article? (Magazine, Newspaper, website name?) • Summarize the main idea of your article (2 sentence minimum) • Why did you pick that particular article? Friday 10/30 • In what part of the chloroplast do the Light reactions occur? The “Dark” reactions? • What is another name for the “Dark” Reaction (aka the “Light Independent” Reaction)? • What two “energy carrying” molecules are formed in the Light Reaction and used in the Dark Reaction? • Compare autotrophs vs. heterotrophs Monday 11/2 • The H+ concentration gradient (inside thylakoid) leads to the formation of _________________ • What is produced as a result of the ETC?________ • What are the 3 important end products of the Light Reaction? • What happens to water in the Light Reaction? (3) things produced • What is the end product of the Calvin Cycle? BLOCK 11/3 – 11/4 • What are the 3 Environmental factors that can affect the rate of Photosynthesis? • What is the main pigment in most plants? • Which wavelengths of the visible light spectrum (ROYGBIV) have the greatest energy? • Compare ATP and ADP. Thursday 11/5 • What is the purpose of Cellular Respiration? • Write the balanced equation for Cellular Respiration • What types of organisms undergo CR? – Any 2 liter bottles to bring to class???? Friday 11/6 • What are the starting and end products of Glycolysis? • What energy carriers are associated with Cellular Respiration? • Where does the Krebs Cycle take place? • How many ATP are produced in the ETC of Aerobic Respiration? Mon 11/9 • What are the end products of the Kreb’s Cycle? • Compare anaerobic vs. aerobic processes, and give an example of each (from CR): • What are the 2 types of Fermentation, and what does each produce? • One molecule of Glucose will produce a maximum of ________ ATP via Aerobic Cellular Respiration: ____ in Glycolysis, ____ in Kreb’s, and _____ in ETC Block 11/10 & 11/12 • Cellular Respiration Learning Goals • Objective: Understand the importance and processes of Cellular Respiration • I can: • Trace the steps of Respiration from glucose to the production of ATP • Understand the importance of NADH and FADH2 • Describe in detail each of the 3 Stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration • Differentiate and explain the 2 types of Fermentation • Write the Balanced equation for Aerobic Cellular Respiration • Compare Aerobic and Anaerobic processes and give examples • Rubric: • 4 All above and teach another student • 3.5 All above • 3 Four of above • 2 3 of above • 1 less than 3 of above Monday 11/16 • What are the building blocks of DNA called: • What are the 3 parts of these monomers? • What 4 bases make up DNA? • What 4 bases make up RNA? • What is DNA’s shape? BLOCK 11/17 – 11/18 • What is the full name for DNA? • What is a gene? • What was Rosalind Franklin’s contribution? • What two men were credited with first model of DNA structure? • The backbone of Double helix is made of: • The “rungs” of Double helix are made of: Thursday 11/19 • List three enzymes involved in DNA Replication and their functions: • What does “Semi-Conservative Replication” mean: • If a sample of DNA has 36% Thymine, what % of the sample will be Cytosine? • How did you determine this percentage? (show your work) Monday 11/30 • What are the building blocks (monomers) of Proteins? • Where in the cell are proteins made? • What are the 3 differences between RNA and DNA? • What are the 3 parts of a Nucleotide? BLOCK 12/1 – 12/2 • Differentiate between Atomic Number and Atomic Mass: • Differentiate between Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic: • Differentiate between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes: • Differentiate between Active and Passive Transport: BLOCK 12/8 – 12/9 • Differentiate and give examples of Quantitative vs Qualitative observations • How does ‘DRY’ and ‘ MIX’ relate to graphing? • What are the 4 Macromolecules, and examples? • List the stages of the cell cycle (break down to 8): ________________________ Interphase I Mitosis I ? Thursday 12/3 • There are _____ amino acids but _______ possible codons. • Transfer RNA (tRNA) has an _________ _________ at one end and a 3-base ____________ at the other. • ____________ are the non-coding segments that are “snipped out” of the transcribed mRNA. • The segments that do code for proteins, __________, are then “glued” together by the enzyme ligase. • Translation is the process of decoding the _________ into a polypeptide chain (a protein). Monday 12/7 • What does RNA Polymerase do during Transcription? • The mRNA strand gets copied from which strand of the DNA? • What modifications does the mRNA undergo before leaving the nucleus? • What amino acids are coded by these codons: GAC UGG UAA AUU Thursday 12/10 • Three types of gene point mutations are: • Of the above types, which are frame-shifts? • Define the following: • “silent” mutation • “mis-sense” mutation • “nonsense” mutation