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Cell Mediated Immunity Introduction Cytokines Components of Cell Mediated Immunity Cell Mediated Immunity Introduction – Involves specialized lymphocytes call Tcells – T-cells mature in thymus – Response to intracellular viruses, multicellular parasites, transplanted tissues and cancer Cell Mediated Immunity Cytokines are chemical messengers Interleukins are cytokines that allow leukocytes to communicate Interferons are cytokines that protect against viruses Chemokines cause leukocytes to move to site of infection Cell Mediated Immunity Components – – – – – – Helper T Cells (TH ) Cytotoxic T Cells (TC ) Delayed Hypersensitivity T Cells (TD) Suppressor T Cells (TS) Activated Macrophages Natural Killer Cells Cell Mediated Immunity Helper T Cells – Activate B-cells – Activate cytotoxic T cells – Activate other helper T cells Cell Mediated Immunity Cytotoxic T Cells – Used to attack intracellular pathogens such as viruses, some bacteria, multicellular parasites – Attaches to target cell – Releases protein perforin which pokes holes in target cell inducing lysis – T cells continue as long as antigen is present Cell Mediated Immunity Delayed Hypersensitivity T Cells – Involved in allergic reactions like response to poison ivy and transplanted tissue rejection – Originally named because transfer of cell transferred immunity to TB – Probably a subpopulation TH cells and TC cells Cell Mediated Immunity Suppressor T Cells – Appears to regulate immune response – Probably a subpopulation of helper cells Cell Mediated Immunity Activated Macrophages – Stimulated by ingestion antigens and cytokines from helper T cells – Acquire enhanced ability to digest via phagocytosis virus infected cells and intracellular bacteria infected cells – Can be antigen presenting cells Cell Mediated Immunity Nautral Killer Cells – Kill virus infected cells, tumor cells and large parasites – Not immunologically specific like cytotoxic T cells