Download UN Sustainable Development Goals Setting Agenda for

Please wait for AESS Hosted Webinar to Begin
UN Sustainable Development Goals Setting
Agenda for Sustainability
Dr. Magdalena A. K. Muir
Researcher, Arctic Institute of North America
Associate Professor Aarhus University and
Fulbright Scholar at Columbia University and University of Delaware
on
September 8, 2014, 12pm to 2 pm ET
Fulbright Research Jointly Implemented in2013/14 with Columbia
Climate Center at Earth Institute, Columbia University ; Center for
Carbon-free Power Integration and the Mangone Center for Marine
Policy at the College of Earth Ocean and Environment, University of
Delaware; Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre and Centre for
Energy Technologies; Coastal and Marine Union (EUCC) and United
Nation Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA)
AESS Hosted Webinar Series
UN Sustainable Development Goals Setting
Agenda for Sustainability
By
Dr. Magdalena A K Muir
Researcher, Arctic Institute of North America
Associate Professor Aarhus University and
Fulbright Scholar at Columbia University and University of Delaware
September 8, 2014, 12 pm to 2 pm ET
Fulbright Research Jointly Implemented in 2013/14 with Columbia
Climate Center at Earth Institute, Columbia University ; Center for
Carbon-free Power Integration and the Mangone Center for Marine
Policy at the College of Earth Ocean and Environment, University of
Delaware; Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre and Centre for
Energy Technologies; Coastal and Marine Union (EUCC) and United
Nation Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA)
Presentation and Discussion
1. Part 1 of Presentation: Introduction to Sustainable
Development Goals and UN Process
2. Brief Break for Questions and Discussion on Part 1
3. Case Study 1: An European Vision of the SDGs
4. Case Study 2: Financial approaches and Public Private
Partnerships
5. Case Study 3: Treatment of Climate within the SDG and
Goals Impacting Climate
6. Case Study 4: The Vision and Implementation of a
Standalone Oceans Goal
7. Case Study 5: Sustainable Tourism, and Roles for Cities,
Coasts and Islands, including Small Island Developing
States
8. Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water, Agriculture,
Energy and Climate for West Asia and North Africa
9. Questions and Discussion on Entire Presentation
Introduction to Sustainable Development
Goals and UN Process
One of the main outcomes of the Rio+20
Conference was the agreement by UN Member
States to launch a process to develop a set of
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), building on
the Millennium Development Goals and converging
with the post 2015 development agenda.
The Open Working Group for Sustainable
Development Goals was designed to be an
inclusive and transparent intergovernmental
process open to all stakeholders, with the purpose
of developing global sustainable development
goals that would agreed on the General Assembly.
Introduction to the UN Process for the
Sustainable Development Goals
The Open Working Group of the Sustainable
Development Goals (or OWG SDGs) was formed of
30 negotiating parties and included most significant
countries and UN voting blocs Australia, Brazil,
Canada, China, European countries, India, Japan,
Korea, Mexico, United Kingdom, United States.
Civil society was extensively involved in the
development of the SDGs.
This resulted in the consensus Outcome Document
of the Open Working Group of the Sustainable
Development Goals on July 19, 2014, which will be
considered by the UN General Assembly in the fall
2014.
The Outcome Document & SDGs
The Outcome Document and SDGs are intended to compliment and
not replace existing international agreements and commitments.
Key clauses in Introduction to Outcome Document include:
10. Rio+20 recognized that each country faces specific challenges
to achieve sustainable development. It underscored the special
challenges facing the most vulnerable countries and, in particular,
African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing
countries and small island developing States, as well as the specific
challenges facing the middle-income countries. Countries in
situations of conflict also need special attention.
12. Each country has primary responsibility for its own economic
and social development and the role of national policies, domestic
resources and development strategies cannot be overemphasized.
Developing countries need additional resources for sustainable
development. There is a need for significant mobilization of
resources from a variety of sources and the effective use of
financing, in order to promote sustainable development…
18. Sustainable Development Goals are accompanied by targets and
will be further elaborated through indicators focused on
measurable outcomes. They are action oriented, global in nature
and universally applicable.
The Outcome Document & SDGs
Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture
Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all
at all ages
Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and
promote life-long learning opportunities for all
Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women
and girls
Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of
water and sanitation for all
Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable,
and modern energy for all
Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable
economic growth, full and productive employment and
decent work for all
Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and
sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
The Outcome Document & SDGs
Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient
and sustainable
Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its
impacts*
*Acknowledging that the UNFCCC is the primary international,
intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to
climate change .
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable development
Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification,
and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable
development, provide access to justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the
global partnership for sustainable development
The Outcome Document & SDGs
Next Steps and Preliminary Reflections:
Consideration by the General Assembly in fall 2014, but how
will that take place.?
This was a consensus document with support of significant
UN Member States and UN voting blocks.
Will this consensus hold as goals and targets are presented
to the UN General Assembly?
What indicators will accompany these goals and targets and
what will the process be for agreeing upon them?
How will the SDGs, targets and indicators be implemented
and monitored?
End of First Part of
Presentation
Brief Questions and
Discussion
Case Study 1: An European Vision of the SDGs
Acknowledgements:
This portion of the presentation draws upon
European Commission’s Communication: A
Decent Life for All: From Vision to Collective
Action (June 2, 2014)
The support and engagement of the Coastal
and Marine Union (EUCC) in the SDG process
is gratefully acknowledged.
Case Study 1: An European Vision of the SDGs
On 2 June 2014, the European Commission adopted a
Communication to contribute to the EU position on
international negotiations on the Sustainable Development
Goals, which was viewed as the follow-up to the
Millennium Development Goals.
Following the UN definition, the SDGs are intended to
reinforce the international community’s commitment to
eradicating poverty and supporting sustainable
development - challenges that affect the lives of current
and future generations
The Communication will be discussed by the Council of
Ministers and the European Parliament. The outcome will
guide the EU’s position in the negotiations at UN level and
contribute to the preparation of the UN Secretary General’s
report on the post-2015 framework.
Case Study 1: An European Vision of the SDGs
From the EC Communication: A Decent Life for All: From Vision to
Collective Action
Vision and Principles
1. Universality and differentiation based on
national circumstances
2. A transformative agenda that integrates the
three dimensions of sustainable development and
also addresses new challenges
3. Accountability
Case Study 1: An European Vision of the SDGs
From the EC Communication: A Decent Life for All: From Vision to
Collective Action
Vision and Principles
3. Accountability
“Fundamental requirements of the future framework should be
accountability, transparency and effective review of progress. …. A
new framework also provides an opportunity to develop a global
mechanism endorsed and supported at the highest political level to
ensure that national governments and other actors, including the
private sector, are held accountable for the implementation of the
framework, to review progress rigorously, to accelerate action and
to press for additional actions wherever necessary. Civil society,
local authorities and the private sector should play a key role in
advancing action and accountability. Key to promoting transparency
is the collection, publication, assessment and easy accessibility of
data and information on the pace of progress made, nationally and
internationally. … This implies the need for regular reviews of
progress, commitments and implementation through a robust
institutional framework, involving all stakeholders.”
Case Study 2: Financial Approaches and Public
Private Partnerships to Implement SDGs
Acknowledgements:
This portion of the presentation draws upon joint
research with UN DESA, and particularly upon
discussions with Wei Lu, Sustainable
Development Officer at UN DESA.
The International Chamber of Commerce, Global
Business Alliance, United States Council for
International Business, and the UN Global
Compact have also developed positions on SDGs
Case Study 2:Financial Approaches & Public Private Partnerships
17.1 strengthen domestic resource mobilization, including through
international support to developing countries to improve domestic
capacity for tax and other revenue collection
17.2 developed countries to implement fully their ODA commitments,
including to provide 0.7% of GNI in ODA to developing countries of
which 0.15-0.20% to least-developed countries
17.3 mobilize additional financial resources for developing countries
from multiple sources
17.4 assist developing countries in attaining long-term debt
sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt
financing, debt relief and debt restructuring, as appropriate, and
address the external debt of highly indebted poor countries (HIPC) to
reduce debt distress
17.5 adopt and implement investment promotion regimes for LDCs
17.16 enhance the global partnership for sustainable development
complemented by multi-stakeholder partnerships that mobilize and
share knowledge, expertise, technologies and financial resources to
support the achievement of sustainable development goals in all
countries, particularly developing countries
17.17 encourage and promote effective public, public-private, and
civil society partnerships, building on the experience and resourcing
strategies of partnerships
Case Study 2: Financial Approaches & Public Private Partnerships to
Implement SDGs – Figure 5, Report of the Intergovernmental
Committee of Experts on Sustainable Development Finance, 2014.
.
Case Study 2:Financial Approaches & Public Private
Partnerships
The following financial approaches are considered:
- Public finance from governments and international
organizations;
- Blended public and private finance;
- Private finance for international and national
programmes; and
Non-financial contributions can be consider for all
categories, such as improvement of regulatory
frameworks, in-kind contributions including the
provision of expert and technical advice and services
tangible and intangible goods, and data analytics.
The public and private financial approaches can also
be pursued on a profit and non-profit basis,
broadening the possible range of approaches and
instruments
Case Study 2:Financial Approaches & Public Private
Partnerships
Public private partnerships (PPP) include a broad
range of public private engagements, and are
important in delivering the SDGs, including
developing sectoral capacity to deliver at the
regional, national and local scale.
A traditional model of PPP involves a contract
between the public sector and a private enterprise
where the enterprise provides a public service or
project and assumes financial, technical or
operational risks. Other models are also possible.
Along with the private sector, the expanding role of
civil society can also be considered, including the
roles of philanthropic foundations, NGOs, public
charities and individual charity initiatives (i.e.,
donations and crowdsourcing).
Case Study 2:Financial Approaches & Public Private
Partnerships
Once the post-2015 development agenda and all
SDG targets and indicators are agreed, future global
sustainable development reports and other reporting
and communications mechanisms and tool can
include financial inputs.
Ongoing financial input would support efforts to
expand global knowledge of the financial challenges,
available financing approaches, and public and
private financial instruments and options.
This ongoing financial reporting and communications
would also assist in scaling up and mainstreaming
the financing of the post-2015 sustainable
development agenda and the SDGs.
Case Study 3: Treatment of Climate within the SDG
and Goals Impacting Climate
“The OWG underscored that the global nature of climate change calls
for the widest possible cooperation by all countries and their
participation in an effective and appropriate international
response, with a view to accelerating the reduction of global
greenhouse gas emissions. It recalled that the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change provides that parties
should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and
future generations of humankind on the basis of equity and in
accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities
and respective capabilities. It noted with grave concern the
significant gap between the aggregate effect of mitigation pledges
by parties in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases
by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having
a likely chance of holding the increase in global average
temperature below 2° C, or 1.5° C above pre-industrial levels and it
reaffirmed that the ultimate objective under the UNFCCC is to
stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a
level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference
with the climate system (s.8, Introduction).
“
Case Study 3: Treatment of Climate within the
SDG and Goals Impacting Climate
Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
13.1 strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related hazards and
natural disasters in all countries
13.2 integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies, and
planning
13.3 improve education, awareness raising and human and institutional
capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction, and early
warning
13.a implement the commitment undertaken by developed country Parties to
the UNFCCC to a goal of mobilizing jointly USD100 billion annually by 2020
from all sources to address the needs of developing countries in the context of
meaningful mitigation actions and transparency on implementation and fully
operationalize the Green Climate Fund through its capitalization as soon as
possible
13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacities for effective climate change
related planning and management, in LDCs, including focusing on women,
youth, local and marginalized communities
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources
for sustainable development
14.3 minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification, including
through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels
Case Study 3: Treatment of Climate within the
SDG and Goals Impacting Climate
There were many discussions on climate in the SDGs
process and negotiations.
Parties and the Outcome Document emphasise that
the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is
the international intergovernmental forum for
negotiating the global response to climate change.
The goals and targets referred to earlier are only the
goals and targets that directly mention or refer to
climate change, climate adaptation and climate
mitigation.
However many other goals such as energy, water,
sustainable consumption and production also affect
climate mitigation, or will result in adaptation to
climate changes.
Case Study 4: The Vision for and Nature of a
Standalone Oceans Goal
Acknowledgements:
Thank you to Dr. Biliana Cincin-Sain, University of
Delaware, and the Global Oceans Forum for the
opportunity to support the Forum and participate
on oceans issues at the meetings of the OWG
SDGs.
The engagement and support of the Coastal and
Marine Union (EUCC) in the OWG SDG process is
gratefully acknowledged.
Case Study 4: The Vision and Implementation of a
Standalone Oceans Goal
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable development
14.1 by 2025, prevent and significantly reduce marine pollution of
all kinds, particularly from land-based activities, including marine
debris and nutrient pollution
14.2 by 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal
ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by
strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration,
to achieve healthy and productive oceans
14.3 minimize and address the impacts of ocean acidification,
including through enhanced scientific cooperation at all levels
14.4 by 2020, effectively regulate harvesting, and end overfishing,
illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing and destructive
fishing practices and implement science-based management plans,
to restore fish stocks in the shortest time feasible at least to levels
that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their
biological characteristics
14.5 by 2020, conserve at least 10 per cent of coastal and marine
areas, consistent with national and international law and based on
best available scientific information
Case Study 4: The Vision and Implementation of
Standalone Oceans Goal
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable development
14.6 by 2020, prohibit certain forms of fisheries subsidies which contribute
to overcapacity and overfishing, and eliminate subsidies that contribute to
IUU fishing, and refrain from introducing new such subsidies, recognizing
that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for
developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the
WTO fisheries subsidies negotiation *
14.7 by 2030 increase the economic benefits to SIDS and LDCs from the
sustainable use of marine resources, including through sustainable
management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism
14.a increase scientific knowledge, develop research capacities and transfer
marine technology taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Commission Criteria and Guidelines on the Transfer of Marine Technology, in
order to improve ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine
biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in particular SIDS
and LDCs
14.b provide access of small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and
markets
14.c ensure the full implementation of international law, as reflected in
UNCLOS for states parties to it, including, where applicable, existing regional
and international regimes for the conservation and sustainable use of oceans
and their resources by their parties
Case Study 4: The Vision and Implementation of a
Standalone Oceans Goal
Global Oceans Forum among key parties
supporting standalone oceans goal.
Initially oceans were going to be merged into
terrestrial biodiversity and conservation.
However, oceans are crucial for Small Island
Developing States and coastal nations, as well as
the health and resilience of all ecosystems
Still gaps in international regime for oceans that
being addressed in negotiations for climate
regimes and international legal framework for
beyond areas of national jurisdiction,
SDGs may assist in implementation of existing
international regimes for oceans.
Case Study 5: Sustainable Tourism, and Roles for Cities, Coasts
and Islands, including Small Island Developing States
Acknowledgements:
This portion of the presentation draws upon Stakeholder Forum
article, Green Destination status and sustainable tourism for
Small Island Developing States (or SIDS).
It also draws up the Small Islands: Green Destinations
partnership registered at the Third International UN
Conference for Small Islands Development States in Apia,
Samoa from September 1 to 4, 2014.
The contribution of Dr. Albert Salman, Green Destinations, and
the Centre for Energy Technologies at Aarhus University
Herning are also gratefully acknowledged.
Research on this topic was also completed for a chapter in the
publication, For a Multidisciplinary Approach to Risks
Induced by Climate Change in Coastal and Estuarine
Environments (2014).
Case Study 5: Sustainable Tourism, and Roles for Cities, Coasts and
Islands, including Small Island Developing States
Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient
and sustainable
11.b by 2020, increase by x% the number of cities and human
settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and
plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and
adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, develop and
implement in line with the forthcoming Hyogo Framework holistic
disaster risk management at all levels
Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
12.b develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable
development impacts for sustainable tourism which creates jobs,
promotes local culture and products
Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its
impacts
13.b Promote mechanisms for raising capacities for effective climate
change related planning and management, in LDCs, including
focusing on women, youth, local and marginalized communities
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine
resources for sustainable development
14.7 by 2030 increase the economic benefits to SIDS and LDCs from
the sustainable use of marine resources, including through
sustainable management of fisheries, aquaculture and tourism
Case Study 5: Sustainable Tourism, and Roles for Cities, Coasts and
Islands, including Small Island Developing States
Goals and targets
The goals and targets discussed the role of cities, coasts and islands
for adapting and mitigating climate, and their role for sustainable
development, including sustainable tourism.
The goals and targets describe the role that sustainable tourism can
play for the Small Island Developing States and Least Developed
Countries.
Last, the goals and targets stress the role and importance of
monitoring to ensure any sustainable tourism is truly sustainable.
Third International Conference for Small Island Developing States
The UN SIDS International Conference included a focus on
sustainable development, including tourism, and partnerships.
The Small Islands – Green Destinations was one partnership
registered with the SIDS Conference that offered an assessment
tool and data base to contribute to sustainable economies of
SIDS, and make them more attractive and competitive tourist
destinations. By identifying strengths and challenges, SIDS can
develop and implement individually suitable sustainable
destination strategies, becoming visible in global tourism market.
Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water, Agriculture,
Energy and Climate for West Asia and North Africa
Acknowledgements
This portion of the presentation draws upon joint
research paper, Using the UN Sustainable Development
Goals to Achieve Integrated Approaches to Water
Scarcity, Agriculture and Energy for West Asia and
North Africa.
This paper was completed by Dr. Muir,
Sami Areikat, Sustainable Development Officer, UN DESA
Alexander Vandenbroek, Columbia University and Intern,
UN DESA.
The contribution and support of UN DESA for this
research is gratefully acknowledged.
Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water, Agriculture,
Energy and Climate for West Asia and North Africa
Sustainable Development Goals and Relevance for Water
Scarcity in WANA Region
Relevant SDG Goals:
Introduction of the Outcome Document
Goal 6 : Water Goal
Goal 2 : Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture
Goal 7 : Energy
Goal 13: Climate
Goal 17: Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals
Through Technology, Capacity Development and
Partnerships
Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water,
Agriculture, Energy and Climate for West Asia
and North Africa
Key linkages and implications of SDGs for
West Asia and North Africa
Financial Approaches for Implementing the
Sustainable Development Goals
Community Based and Owned Approaches to
Water Scarcity, Agriculture and Energy for
West Asia and North Africa that Support
Sustainable Development Goals
Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water, Agriculture
Energy and Climate for West Asia and North Africa
Governance Framework and Tools for West Asia
and North Africa Slides
-
Beyond Silos to Integrated Policymaking
Under the Sustainable Development Goal
- Integrated Water Planning to Address Water
Scarcity and Drought in West Asia and North
Africa
Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water, Agriculture, Energy and
Climate for West Asia and North Africa Figure 1: CLEWD model for
Mauritius, Global Sustainable Development Report, 2014.
Case Study 6: Considering Jordan and Potential
Integration of Water Scarcity, Agriculture and
Energy
-Water
-Agriculture
-Energy
-Integrated
Resource
Management
Case Study 6: Considering Jordan and Potential
Integration of Water Scarcity, Agriculture and
Energy
-Water
-Agriculture
-Energy
-Integrated
Resource
Management
Case Study 6: Considering Jordan and Potential
Integration of Water Scarcity, Agriculture and
Energy
PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY BY SOURCE
(2011)
Biofuels & Waste
0.1%
-Water
-Agriculture
-Energy
-Integrated
Resource
Geothermal / Solar
/ Wind
1.9%
Hydro
0.1%
Natural Gas
12.6%
Oil
Natural Gas
Hydro
Biofuels & Waste
Geothermal / Solar / Wind
Oil
85.3%
Management
Annual Energy production
(kt of oil equivalent)
350
100.00%
300
98.00%
250
Technology
[1]
Tariff
Jordan Energy Regulatory Commission
(USD/kWh)
Wind
Solar PV
Solar CSP
Biomass from
waste
Biogas
$0.115
$0.163
$0.183
$0.122
$0.081
Net Annual Energy
Imports
96.00%
200
150
94.00%
100
92.00%
50
90.00%
0
197119761981198619911996200120062011
Energy production (kt of oil equivalent)
Energy imports, net (% of energy use)
Case Study 6: Integrating SDGs for Water, Agriculture,
Energy and Climate for West Asia and North Africa
Some Preliminary Thoughts and Recommendations
Addressing water energy and agriculture together and applying an
integrated approach to planning based on the SDGs can lead to
water, food, and energy security optimization by increasing resource
efficiency, ascertaining and reducing tradeoffs, exploiting and
building synergies, and improving collaboration and governance
across sectors.
An integrated approach aids in identifying and addressing
externalities across sectors which may otherwise be overlooked.
Public and private finance, financial approaches, instruments and
options and a range of public private partnerships support
government, the private sector and civil society in the
implementation of the SDGs.
Community based and owned management supports integration
between different levels of government within a country, and also
represent a grassroots bottom up approach to SDG implementation.
Community based and owned projects assists in the implementation
of those SDGs requiring community engagement and involvement.
Discussion and Response to Questions
For further information, please see AESS webpage supporting
this webinar.
Please also contact:
Dr. Magdalena A K Muir
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Researcher, Arctic Institute of North America
Associate Professor, Aarhus University and Researcher at Arctic
Research Centre and Centre for Energy Technologies
This presentation and research was supported by Fulbright Canada
under the Fulbright Canada- RBC Award for 2013/2014; the
Columbia Climate Center at the Earth Institute, Columbia University;
the Center for Carbon-free Power Integration and the Mangone
Center for Marine Policy in the College of Earth, Ocean, and
Environment, University of Delaware. Support also provided by
Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre and Centre for Energy
Technologies; Coastal and Marine Union (EUCC) and United Nation
Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA)
Extra Slide
SDGs in the Outcome Document
Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable
agriculture
Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning
opportunities for all
Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Goal 7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all
Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all
Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster
innovation
Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
*Acknowledging that the UNFCCC is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for negotiating the
global response to climate change .
Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable
development
Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably
manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss
Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to
justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for
sustainable development