Download The Roman Republic

Warm - Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
How did the Roman Government assist the
poor?
What social class did Christianity attract?
What did the Romans do to stop the Jewish
rebellion in Judea?
What emperor allowed Christianity to exist in
the Roman Empire?
What are two events that led to the Roman
Empire’s economy weakening?
What did Diocletian do to
reform/change/improve the Roman Empire?
What did Constantine do to
reform/change/improve the Roman Empire?
Bell
 Which
Roman invention do you feel
is the most significant to daily life in
Rome, why?
7
minutes
6
sentences
Bell Essential question
 How
has the Roman Empire had a
lasting impact into the modern day?
The Roman Republic
Chapter 6
Section 1
Origins of Rome
 The
Great Myth
–Romulus and
Remus
 Geography
–Tiber River
–Middle of Italy
–Mountainous
7
hills
First Peoples
 First
Romans
–Latin's
–Etruscans
Metalworkers,
engineers
–Greeks
 Greek
Influence
Monarchy to Republic @ 600 BC
 King’s
rule
–Etruscan King
Forum
Architecture
–Tarquin the
Proud
 Republic
–Citizens vote
for leaders
Power Struggle
–Patricians
Wealthy
landowners
–Plebeians
Common
farmers,
merchants,
etc.Tribunes
Twelve Tables/Tablets



Written code of
law
Hung in Forum
Free citizens have
a right to
protection of law
What makes a
successful leader?
In a solid paragraph write the
characteristics or qualities of your
perfect leader and give an example.
Government in Republic



Combination
Government
– Monarchy,
Aristocracy,
Democracy
Consuls
– 1 out of 10 yrs.
– Ran army
Dictator
– Time of crisis
– Absolute power
– 6 mo. Rule
More government….
 Senate
–300 members
–Upper class
picks
–Policy makers
 Assembly
–Free citizens
–Elect consuls
–Make laws
Roman Army



All landowning
citizens
Legions- 5 k
Organized and
skilled
Rome Spreads Power
 Cincinnatus
 Conquer
Italy
–Full citizens
–but with no
vote
–Allies of Rome
 Conquered
happy
lands
Bell: Grab paper …fold in 4
 What
can happen when a country
grows too fast? How can this be
negative? Isn’t progress supposed to
be a good thing?
The Roman Republic
2 Halves
 1st
halfmastery of
the Italian
Peninsula
 2nd
half- Civil
War- Leading
to Julius
Caesar
Rome Continues to Conquer

Mediterranean Sea
– Access to riches
– Large cities oppose
Punic Wars
– Sicily
– Retaliation
Hannibalelephants
– Attack Carthage
Scipio v. Hannibal
 Dominance over
Mediterranean

The Republic Collapses
 Economic
Turmoil
–Rich Vs. Poor
 1/3 are slaves
 Tiberius
& Gaius
Gracchus- social
reformersadvocates for
former soldiers
What do you know?
1.
What is the name of the man who conquers all of
Italy?
2.
Who influenced Roman life by passing along their
religion, government, trade, as well as culture?
3.
Who were the first people to settle in Rome?
4.
What is the name of the river that runs through
Rome?
5.
What is the name of the wealthy class in Roman
society?
6.
What was created to help the poor, plebeians, have
protection?
 Civil
War
–Military upheaval
–Loyalty to generals
Not to republic
Julius Caesar Rises to Power
 Elected
to Consul
 Triumvirate-
3
–Caesar, Crassus and
Pompey share power
 Conquers
Gaul
–Modern day France
 Senate orders him home
 Caesar
Vs. Pompey
The Reign of Caesar
Strong leader and a
genius
 Returns as hero



Dictator for Life
– Total Power
– Public works
projects
– Military perks
Senate Fearful
– Assassination
– In Senate
An Empire is Created
Another Civil War
 2ND Triumvirate

– Octavian, Lepidus, Mark
Antony

Mark Antony in Anatolia
– Cleopatra
– Octavian upset

Yet another civil war
– Octavian Vs. Mark Antony
Octavian
(a.k.a. Augustus)


Unchallenged ruler
Order/Power to
Senate

“Exalted one”

1ST Emperor
Vast and Powerful Empire


Pax Romana- 27 BC- 180 AD- 207 years of
relative peace
Efficient/Sound Government
– Civil Service
– Law

Agriculture/Trade
– Denarius $$$$
– Roads = trading network-
Our Civil Service
 What
jobs exist in our society that
need to be done on a day to day
basis to help our country run
properly?
The Roman World

Gravitas
– Discipline,
strength, and
loyalty

City life
– Crowded & noisy

Slaves
– Important to
economy

Gods/Goddesses
– Similar to Greeks
Let’s Purchase….
 If
you were to be buying a piece of
property what are some qualities you
would look for?
Re- check
 What
is the standard of
money/currency in the Roman Empire?
 What is Rome’s greatest contribution to
the United States?
 How was Rome able to govern so
efficiently?
 What were 90% of the Romans
involved in?
Society

Rich
– Villas

Poor
– Tenements

Government
assistance
– Grain
– Entertainment
– Holidays
Let’s Ponder….
 Do
you feel it is the responsibility of
the government to help the poor
and/or homeless, why???
New Idea Emerges
 Rome
conquers Judea
–Savior will free them
 Jesus of Nazareth
–Ministry
–Good works,
heaven, love
 Growing movement
–Attracts poor
Hmmm…..
 What
evidence would you need to
see in order to believe a person is
your “savior”??
Jesus Visits Jerusalem
 Chief
Jewish priest deny him
–Blasphemy
 Pontius Pilate
–Arrests & Crucifies Jesus
 Origins of Christianity
–Greek word
“messiah/savior”
–Jews were 1st followers
 Spread of Christianity
–Gospels and Paul
All Eyes on Judea
Jewish Rebellion-Western Wall
 Christian Persecution
– Martyr’s
 A World Religion
– All people, hope to powerless,
people who were against
Rome’s extravagances,
personal relationship, and
promised eternal life
 Constantine
– Allows Christianity
 Theodosius 380 A.D.- official
religion

What do you know?
1. In what did the rich people of Rome live?
2. What was Rome’s curse or biggest problem?
3. Why did the agriculture of the Western
Roman Empire begin to decrease?
4. How many holidays did the Romans have in
one year?
5. Why did the Jewish people believe in and/or
need a savior?
6. What does the Greek word, CHRIST, mean?
7. What is a martyr?
Time to think…
 Is
there anything that you would be
willing to die for, what??
Bell
 What
you do feel is your generations
philosophy on life or education is?
A Century of Crisis

Pax Romana Ends
– Marcus Aurelius

Economy weakens
– Mercenaries, Invaders,
Inflation, Soil

Military and Political
problems
– Loss of loyalty
Emperors Attempt to Reform
(Change)

Diocletian- claimed to be descendant of the gods
– Fixed prices
– East- major cities, trade centers
– West

Constantine
– Single ruler (324)- moves the capital

Byzantium
– Turkey
– Middle of Empire

Constantinople
– Modeled Rome
Western Empire Crumbles



Internal Problems
Germanic
Invasions
Attila the Hun
Can the U.S. Fall??
 What
would you consider the
downfall of the United States to be?
 Is
the United States heading down a
road to ruin much like the road the
Romans took, why or why not?
Rome Falls


Western Empire
Disappears
Byzantine Empire
– Eastern Half

Greek/Roman culture
survives
– Development of Western
Civilization
Legacy of Greco-Roman
Civilization

Rome’s ability to
govern/rule
– Citizenship, technology,
involvement, territory
Greek influence
– Art, architecture,
literature, philosophy
 Greco-Roman culture
– Classical
– Sculptures, Frescos, and
Mosaics

Legacy of Rome
 Latin
Language-Romance
languages
 Master
Builders
–Architecture, Aqueducts,
Practicality
 Roman Law-Basis of our legal
system
 Rome achieves immortality
–Dark Ages comes first
–18th/19th century
United States Legacy
 If
the United States was to fall today,
what do you feel our lasting legacy
would be?