Download Lesson 19 The Endocrine System Endocrine Glands: Secretion and

Lesson 19 The Endocrine System
1. Endocrine Glands:
2. Secretion and Action of Hormones
3. Hormone synthesis. Peptide and protein hormone synthesis. Steroid hormone synthesis. Amine
hormone synthesis.
4. Regulation of hormone secretion. Negative feedback. Positive feedback.
5. Regulation of hormone receptors. Down-regulation. Up-regulation.
6. Mechanisms of hormone action and second messengers. G proteins. Adenylyl cyclase
mechanism. Phospholipase c mechanism. Steroid and thyroid hormone mechanism.
7. Hypothalamic-pituitary relationships. Relationship of the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary.
Relationship of the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.
8. Anterior lobe hormones. TSH, FSH, and LH family. ACTH family. Growth hormone. Prolactin.
9. Posterior lobe hormones. Synthesis and secretion of ADH and oxytocin. Antidiuretic hormone.
Oxytocin.
10. Thyroid hormones. Synthesis and transport of thyroid hormones. Regulation of thyroid hormone
secretion. Actions of thyroid hormones. Pathophysiology of thyroid hormone.
11. Adrenal medulla and cortex. Synthesis of adrenocortical steroid hormones. Regulation of
secretion of adrenocortical steroids. Actions of adrenocortical steroids. Pathophysiology of the
adrenal cortex.
12. Endocrine pancreas. Insulin. Glucagon. Somatostatin.
13. Regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Forms of Ca2+ in blood. Overall calcium
homeostasis. Parathyroid hormone. Calcitonin. Vitamin D.
Homework
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Define the concept of hormone.
List the basic properties and specify hormones
Classification of hormones in their chemical nature.
List the mechanisms of action of hormones on target organs:
List the major groups of secondary messengers:
Fill in the table listing the endocrine glands and their hormones. Specify the target organs
and the effect of various hormones on the function of organs.
Endocrine gland
hormones
The main target
organs
The main effects of hormones
Anterior pituitary
Posterior pituitary
Epiphysis
thyroid gland
parathyroid
pancreas
Adrenal cortex
Zona glomerulosa.
Zona fasciculata.
Zona reticularisAdrenal medulla
Gonads
1.testicles
2. ovary
thymus
placenta
placenta
7. Feedback Control of the Anterior Pituitary.
8. Draw a diagram of the regulation of insulin incretion.
9. Draw a diagram of the regulation of calcitonin and parathyroid hormone incretion