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Biology Honors Ecology Study Guide Terms to know: Ecology Biosphere Biotic factor Abiotic factor Population Community Ecosystem Biome Habitat Niche Predation Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism Autotroph Heterotroph Herbivore Carnivore Omnivore Detritivore Trophic level Food chain Food web Biogeochemical cycle Nitrogen fixation Limiting factor Primary succession Secondary succession Climax community Pioneer species Population density Density-independent factor Density-dependent factor Population growth rate Carrying capacity Zero population growth Demography primary consumer secondary consumer tertiary consumer producer decomposer energy pyramid photosynthesis cellular respiration thylakoid membranes light dependent reactions Calvin cycle glycolysis Krebs cycle electron transport chain Concepts to understand: Be able to identify biotic and abiotic factors Be able to identify and/or give examples of competition and predation Be able to identify and/or give examples of symbiosis: mutualism, commensalism and parasitism Be able to interpret and analyze food chains and food webs: Identify primary, secondary and tertiary consumers and producers Explain how energy is passed from one trophic level to the next Calculate how much energy is passed from one trophic level to the next Predict how an ecosystem will be affected by certain organisms being Killed off Be able to interpret an energy pyramid Be able to place organisms from a food web on an energy pyramid Be able to describe the key processes that occur in the water cycle, nitrogen cycle and carbon/oxygen cycle Be able to complete a diagram of the water cycle, nitrogen cycle and carbon/oxygen cycle Be able to identify limiting factors in an ecosystem Be able to compare and contrast primary succession and secondary succession Be able to label and explain diagrams of photosynthesis and respiration Be able to discuss products and reactants of photosynthesis and respiration Be able to distinguish between these land biomes based on climate and biotic factors (plants and animals): Tundra Coniferous forest (boreal forest) Temperate deciduous forest Temperate shrubland (chaparral) Temperate grassland Desert Tropical savannah Tropical rainforest Be able to identify density-dependent and density-independent factors and give examples Be able to interpret population growth graphs and label lag phase, exponential growth phase and carrying capacity Be able to compare the age structure diagrams for nongrowing, slowly growing and rapidly growing countries Be able to predict the consequences of continued population growth Be able to explain human carrying capacity