Linking Landscapes and Food Webs: Effects of Omnivorous Fish
... subsidizes gizzard shad populations; sedimentation of phytoplankton also provides a detrital resource for gizzard shad. These fluxes of materials across ecosystem or habitat boundaries are indicated by white arrows. Gizzard shad juveniles and adults provide nutrients to phytoplankton through nutrien ...
... subsidizes gizzard shad populations; sedimentation of phytoplankton also provides a detrital resource for gizzard shad. These fluxes of materials across ecosystem or habitat boundaries are indicated by white arrows. Gizzard shad juveniles and adults provide nutrients to phytoplankton through nutrien ...
Thesis in pdf
... definition by Pain and Levin (1981) only holds for communities where primary space is the limiting resource. Hence, while both definitions are useful within their own fields of study, they will not hold for ecological studies on disturbance and diversity in general. The more operational definitions ...
... definition by Pain and Levin (1981) only holds for communities where primary space is the limiting resource. Hence, while both definitions are useful within their own fields of study, they will not hold for ecological studies on disturbance and diversity in general. The more operational definitions ...
Population ecology of Maasai giraffe - UoN Repository
... gave me the wisdom and energy to undertake the studies. I sincerely thank my supervisors, Professor Nathan Gichuki, Dr. Samuel Kiboi and Dr. Charles Musyoki for guiding me in organizing and executing my research project for this PhD study. Particular thanks goes to Professor Nathan Gichuki for havin ...
... gave me the wisdom and energy to undertake the studies. I sincerely thank my supervisors, Professor Nathan Gichuki, Dr. Samuel Kiboi and Dr. Charles Musyoki for guiding me in organizing and executing my research project for this PhD study. Particular thanks goes to Professor Nathan Gichuki for havin ...
best practice in restoration
... thanks to the increasing amount of data, interdisciplinary research and the continuously developing modelling methods. I present our research, in which we 1) estimate and predict the impact of land uses on the biodiversity and ecosystem services, 2) numerically optimize cost-efficient land uses so t ...
... thanks to the increasing amount of data, interdisciplinary research and the continuously developing modelling methods. I present our research, in which we 1) estimate and predict the impact of land uses on the biodiversity and ecosystem services, 2) numerically optimize cost-efficient land uses so t ...
BEST PRACTICE IN RESTORATION
... thanks to the increasing amount of data, interdisciplinary research and the continuously developing modelling methods. I present our research, in which we 1) estimate and predict the impact of land uses on the biodiversity and ecosystem services, 2) numerically optimize cost-efficient land uses so t ...
... thanks to the increasing amount of data, interdisciplinary research and the continuously developing modelling methods. I present our research, in which we 1) estimate and predict the impact of land uses on the biodiversity and ecosystem services, 2) numerically optimize cost-efficient land uses so t ...
ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION AND SUSTAINABLE
... Conference Center in Avignon. This place was not chosen at random! Indeed, it constitutes a successful example of restoration and preservation of one of the most visited historic monuments in Europe, combined with new functions of which perpetuity is guaranteed by a new economic activity. What a str ...
... Conference Center in Avignon. This place was not chosen at random! Indeed, it constitutes a successful example of restoration and preservation of one of the most visited historic monuments in Europe, combined with new functions of which perpetuity is guaranteed by a new economic activity. What a str ...
2010 7th SER Conference of the Society for Ecological
... Conference Center in Avignon. This place was not chosen at random! Indeed, it constitutes a successful example of restoration and preservation of one of the most visited historic monuments in Europe, combined with new functions of which perpetuity is guaranteed by a new economic activity. What a str ...
... Conference Center in Avignon. This place was not chosen at random! Indeed, it constitutes a successful example of restoration and preservation of one of the most visited historic monuments in Europe, combined with new functions of which perpetuity is guaranteed by a new economic activity. What a str ...
mpa monitoring plan
... directs the state to complete a statewide network of marine protected areas (MPAs). The MLPA also requires monitoring of MPAs to facilitate adaptive management of MPAs and ensure that the MPA network meets the goals of the Act. On August 5, 2009, the California Fish and Game Commission adopted a reg ...
... directs the state to complete a statewide network of marine protected areas (MPAs). The MLPA also requires monitoring of MPAs to facilitate adaptive management of MPAs and ensure that the MPA network meets the goals of the Act. On August 5, 2009, the California Fish and Game Commission adopted a reg ...
MARAM IWS_DEC11_ALL_1 (Document list)
... MARAM IWS/DEC11/P/OMP/P11: C. de Moor and D.S. Butterworth. Assessment of the South African sardine resource using data from 1984 to 2010: posterior distributions for one base case hypothesis MARAM IWS/DEC11/P/OMP/BG1: C.L. de Moor, D.S. Butterworth and J.A.A. De Oliveira. Is the management procedur ...
... MARAM IWS/DEC11/P/OMP/P11: C. de Moor and D.S. Butterworth. Assessment of the South African sardine resource using data from 1984 to 2010: posterior distributions for one base case hypothesis MARAM IWS/DEC11/P/OMP/BG1: C.L. de Moor, D.S. Butterworth and J.A.A. De Oliveira. Is the management procedur ...
The Tundra Biome Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes
... is frozen. Thus it is impossible for trees to grow here. Due to this, vegetation is very hard to grow and very sparse to find. Moss, lichen and heath can be found on rocks in this barren landscape. The people who live in the Arctic Tundra are mostly nomadic tribes consisting of reindeer hunters such ...
... is frozen. Thus it is impossible for trees to grow here. Due to this, vegetation is very hard to grow and very sparse to find. Moss, lichen and heath can be found on rocks in this barren landscape. The people who live in the Arctic Tundra are mostly nomadic tribes consisting of reindeer hunters such ...
A syndrome of mutualism reinforces the lifestyle of a sloth
... sloths, we posited that the moth –sloth interaction might actually be an important mutualism, where sloths are also benefiting by virtue of their association (þ/þ). Mutualisms—jointly beneficial interactions between members of different species—are ubiquitous in nature, and among the most important ...
... sloths, we posited that the moth –sloth interaction might actually be an important mutualism, where sloths are also benefiting by virtue of their association (þ/þ). Mutualisms—jointly beneficial interactions between members of different species—are ubiquitous in nature, and among the most important ...
A syndrome of mutualism reinforces the lifestyle of a sloth
... sloths, we posited that the moth –sloth interaction might actually be an important mutualism, where sloths are also benefiting by virtue of their association (þ/þ). Mutualisms—jointly beneficial interactions between members of different species—are ubiquitous in nature, and among the most important ...
... sloths, we posited that the moth –sloth interaction might actually be an important mutualism, where sloths are also benefiting by virtue of their association (þ/þ). Mutualisms—jointly beneficial interactions between members of different species—are ubiquitous in nature, and among the most important ...
Elevated CO2 studies: past, present and future
... 700 ppm within the next 80 years, which will further stimulate ecosystem responses. In contrast to nonuniform water availability and temperature among ecosystems, CO2 concentrations are similar among ecosystems as a result of more thorough atmospheric mixing (Schlesinger 1997). In addition, similar ...
... 700 ppm within the next 80 years, which will further stimulate ecosystem responses. In contrast to nonuniform water availability and temperature among ecosystems, CO2 concentrations are similar among ecosystems as a result of more thorough atmospheric mixing (Schlesinger 1997). In addition, similar ...
Lesson Overview
... energy through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis captures light energy and uses it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates. This process adds oxygen to the atmosphere and removes carbon dioxide. Plants are the main photo ...
... energy through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis captures light energy and uses it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates. This process adds oxygen to the atmosphere and removes carbon dioxide. Plants are the main photo ...
Salt Marsh Litter and Detritivores
... et al. 2002). By definition members of the same guild that differ in the way they use available food sources cannot be considered redundant and may even have additive or synergistic effects on ecosystem functioning (Lawton et al. 1998; Jonsson and Malmqvist 2000; Duffy et al. 2001; Zimmer et al. 200 ...
... et al. 2002). By definition members of the same guild that differ in the way they use available food sources cannot be considered redundant and may even have additive or synergistic effects on ecosystem functioning (Lawton et al. 1998; Jonsson and Malmqvist 2000; Duffy et al. 2001; Zimmer et al. 200 ...
learning-outcomes1
... Describe energy fixation and explain how this relates to primary productivity and how primary productivity can be measured Describe the role producers, consumers/heterotrophs and decomposers have in energy flow in an ecosystem Define trophic levels and explain the transfer of energy between th ...
... Describe energy fixation and explain how this relates to primary productivity and how primary productivity can be measured Describe the role producers, consumers/heterotrophs and decomposers have in energy flow in an ecosystem Define trophic levels and explain the transfer of energy between th ...
Impact of global change on biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles
... The effect of soil temperature manipulation on leaf physiological traits in 200 year old oaks..................... 68 Onno Muller (1,2), Masahiro Nakamura (1) , Kouki Hikosaka (2) & Tsutom Hiura (1)................ 68 The influence of hydraulic limitation on growth and carbon supply of tall ponderos ...
... The effect of soil temperature manipulation on leaf physiological traits in 200 year old oaks..................... 68 Onno Muller (1,2), Masahiro Nakamura (1) , Kouki Hikosaka (2) & Tsutom Hiura (1)................ 68 The influence of hydraulic limitation on growth and carbon supply of tall ponderos ...
Estuarine Nutrient Cycling - The Influence of
... 1995; Schramm 1996). These inherent differences may influence the way that different plant types respond to environmental changes (for example eutrophication), but we also expect that they affect the fate of organic matter produced during photosynthesis and, thus, modify major pathways of energy, ca ...
... 1995; Schramm 1996). These inherent differences may influence the way that different plant types respond to environmental changes (for example eutrophication), but we also expect that they affect the fate of organic matter produced during photosynthesis and, thus, modify major pathways of energy, ca ...
Lesson Overview
... An organism’s niche describes not only the environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. In other words, an organism’s niche includes not only the physical and biological aspects of its environment, but also the way in which the organism uses th ...
... An organism’s niche describes not only the environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. In other words, an organism’s niche includes not only the physical and biological aspects of its environment, but also the way in which the organism uses th ...
the ecology and microbiology of Vibrio cholerae
... V. cholerae capable of colonizing humans. It then lysoge- in the VBNC state for long periods, presumably allowing nizes invaded cells by integrating its entire genome into them to survive unfavorable environmental conditions that of the host bacterium. Thus, a partnership between (Huq et al. 2000). ...
... V. cholerae capable of colonizing humans. It then lysoge- in the VBNC state for long periods, presumably allowing nizes invaded cells by integrating its entire genome into them to survive unfavorable environmental conditions that of the host bacterium. Thus, a partnership between (Huq et al. 2000). ...
Final report on Effects of environment on
... Since this project report is limited to a total length of 20 pages, and over 20 full published papers have resulted from the project, we have reported a selection of our results. The results of the research programmes are reported under general titles, as most research programmes were intended to pr ...
... Since this project report is limited to a total length of 20 pages, and over 20 full published papers have resulted from the project, we have reported a selection of our results. The results of the research programmes are reported under general titles, as most research programmes were intended to pr ...
Ecosystem
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. As ecosystems are defined by the network of interactions among organisms, and between organisms and their environment, they can be of any size but usually encompass specific, limited spaces (although some scientists say that the entire planet is an ecosystem).Energy, water, nitrogen and soil minerals are other essential abiotic components of an ecosystem. The energy that flows through ecosystems is obtained primarily from the sun. It generally enters the system through photosynthesis, a process that also captures carbon from the atmosphere. By feeding on plants and on one another, animals play an important role in the movement of matter and energy through the system. They also influence the quantity of plant and microbial biomass present. By breaking down dead organic matter, decomposers release carbon back to the atmosphere and facilitate nutrient cycling by converting nutrients stored in dead biomass back to a form that can be readily used by plants and other microbes.Ecosystems are controlled both by external and internal factors. External factors such as climate, the parent material which forms the soil and topography, control the overall structure of an ecosystem and the way things work within it, but are not themselves influenced by the ecosystem. Other external factors include time and potential biota. Ecosystems are dynamic entities—invariably, they are subject to periodic disturbances and are in the process of recovering from some past disturbance. Ecosystems in similar environments that are located in different parts of the world can have very different characteristics simply because they contain different species. The introduction of non-native species can cause substantial shifts in ecosystem function. Internal factors not only control ecosystem processes but are also controlled by them and are often subject to feedback loops. While the resource inputs are generally controlled by external processes like climate and parent material, the availability of these resources within the ecosystem is controlled by internal factors like decomposition, root competition or shading. Other internal factors include disturbance, succession and the types of species present. Although humans exist and operate within ecosystems, their cumulative effects are large enough to influence external factors like climate.Biodiversity affects ecosystem function, as do the processes of disturbance and succession. Ecosystems provide a variety of goods and services upon which people depend; the principles of ecosystem management suggest that rather than managing individual species, natural resources should be managed at the level of the ecosystem itself. Classifying ecosystems into ecologically homogeneous units is an important step towards effective ecosystem management, but there is no single, agreed-upon way to do this.