Download REVIEW Biology, 1st Semester

Biology Semester Exam
Using prior knowledge, logical
thinking and creativity to make
predictions.
Answer
 Hypothesis
The variable that scientists
measure in an experiment.
Answer
 Responding variable
List the 5 of the 8
characteristics of life.
Answer
 All living things are:
 Made of cells
 Reproduce
 Based on a universal genetic code (DNA)
 Grow and develop
 Obtain and use materials and energy (Metabolize)
 Respond to their environment
 Maintain a stable internal environment
(homeostasis)
 Change over time (as a group)
Give an example of a stimulus
that a plant might respond to.
Answer
 Light, water, gravity
A well tested explanation that
unifies a broad range of
observations
Answer
 Theory
The process by which
organisms keep their internal
conditions constant
Answer
 Homeostasis
Give an example of a quantitative
measurement/observation.
Answer
 The plant is 5 cm Tall
 The mass of the turtle is 230 g
Name the subatomic particle
that is NOT found in the
nucleus.
Answer
 Electron
Name the subatomic particle
that is transferred or shared
when compounds are formed.
Answer
 electron
Give an example of the
cohesive nature of water
Answer
 Water droplets forming on a leaf
 Surface tension
What does it mean that water is
a polar molecule?
Answer
 The electrons are not equally shared by the
oxygen and hydrogen.
What is the pH range for an
acid?
Answer
 Acid pH= 0-6.9
Monosaccharides are the
building block for what organic
compound?
Answer
 Carbohydrates
Amino acids are the monomer
for what macromolecule?
Answer
 Protein
What type of organic molecule are
enzymes?
What is the function of enzymes?
Answer
 Protein
 The function of enzymes are to speed up
chemical reactions by lowering the activation
energy
Draw a picture of an enzyme
catalyzed reaction and label the
enzyme, substrate, active site
and product.
Answer
Put the following in order from
“smallest” to “largest”:
Species
Community
 population
ecosystem
Answer
1-Species
2- Population
3- community
4-Ecosystem
Give an example of an
autotroph and a heterotroph
Answer
Autotroph= Plants (trees, grass, flowers)
Heterotroph= Animals (fish, birds, insects,
mammals)
Sketch the carbon cycle and
include the following in your
sketch:
Photosynthesis,
Respiration
Decomposition
combustion
Answer
How are abiotic and biotic
factors different?
Answer
How is mutualism different from
commensalism?
Answer
Mutualism: BOTH organisms benefit
Commensalism: One organism benefits while
the other is not helped or harmed
How is primary succession
different from secondary
succession?
Answer
Primary succession starts with bare rock
Secondary succession starts after a natural
disaster or human intervention and soil is
present
What is the climax community
in the following locations:
1- Kent, Ohio
2- Nebraska
3- Northern Alaska
Answer
Kent= Temperate Deciduous forest
Nebraska= Temperate grassland
Northern Alaska= Tundra
25 Oak trees per acre is an
example of what characteristic
of a population?
Answer
Population density
(Number of organisms per unit area)
What does the range of a
population tell you?
Answer
Range is also known as geographic distribution
This is the area inhabited by a population
Create a sketch of a graph that
represents logisitic growth:
Label the following sections
1- exponential growth
2- carrying capacity
Answer
Give 2 examples of each of the
following:
1-Density dependent limiting
factor
2-Density independent limiting
factor
Answer
Density dependent
Density independent
Competition
Predation
Parasitism
Disease
 Unusual weather
 Seasonal cycles
 Natural disasters
 Human activity
How are eukaryotic cells
different from prokaryotic cells?
Answer
Eukaryotic
Prokayotic
 Larger
 Smaller
 More complex
 Simpler
 Have a NUCLEUS
 NO NUCLEUS
 Have membrane
 No membrane bound
bound organelles
organelles
Which organelle makes proteins
from coded information held in
DNA?
Answer
Ribosome
Name the organelle that
converts chemical energy
stored in food into usable
energy for the cell.
What is this process called?
Answer
Mitochondria; Cellular respiration
Name the 3 structures only
found in plant cells and the 1
structure only found in animal
cells.
Answer
Plants
Animals
 Cell wall
 Centriole
 Central vacuole
 Chloroplast
Diffusion of water across a
semi-permiable membrane.
Answer
Osmosis
The movement of a material
against the gradient which
requires energy.
Answer
Active transport
Sketch a cell in a hypotonic
solution and draw arrows to
show the movement of water.
Answer
How is energy released from
ATP?
Answer
When a phosphate is broken off energy is
released
What are the reactants in
photosynthesis?
Answer
Water and Carbon dioxide
Sketch a chloroplast and label
the following:
Granum, thylakoid, stroma
Answer
What are the products of
photosynthesis?
Answer
Glucose and Oxygen
What are the 2 reactants for
cellular respiration?
Answer
Glucose and Oxygen
Aerobic respiration requires
________
Answer
Oxygen
What physical effect is the
result of lactic acid fermentation
in muscle cells?
Answer
Muscle soreness
What is the end result of mitosis
and cytokinesis?
Answer
Two identical diploid daughter cells
During which phase of mitosis
do chromosomes line up along
the equator of the cell?
Answer
Metaphase
Name the fiber like structures
that attach to chromosomes
and help to pull them apart.
What phase of mitosis does this
occur in?
Answer
Spindle;
They pull chromosomes apart during ANAPHASE
Draw a chromosome and label
the centromere and sister
chromatids.
Answer
What are the end results of
meiosis?
(Note: include 3 things in your
response)
Answer
4 genetically different haploid cells
Functions of this organic
compound include: protecting
organs, insulating the body and
storing energy for the long term.
Answer
Lipids
The function of this organic
compound is to store genetic
information.
Answer
Nucleic acids