Download UNIT 10 (CH 3-6) STUDY GUIDE – ECOLOGY

Name
Date
WLHS / Biology / Monson
Per
UNIT 10 (CH 3-6) STUDY GUIDE – ECOLOGY; Communities & Biomes; Populations
VOCABULARY (CH 3, 4, 5, 6)
Ecology
Biosphere
Community
Ecosystem
Commensalism
Mutualism
Heterotroph
Scavenger
Omnivore
Food chain
Pyramid of numbers
Biomass pyramid
Precipitation
Condensation
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Assimilation
Denitrification
Limiting factor
Succession
Biome
Photic zone
Tundra
Permafrost
Temperate forest
Tropical rainforest
Immigration
Emigration
Exponential growth
Carrying capacity
Abiotic factor
Habitat
Parasitism
Decomposer
Food web
Water cycle
Evaporation
Respiration
Biotic factor
Niche
Predation
Herbivore
Trophic level
Carbon cycle
Infiltration
Combustion
Population
Symbiosis
Autotroph
Carnivore
Energy pyramid
Nitrogen cycle
Runoff
Nitrogen fixation
Primary succession
Aphotic zone
Taiga
Salinity
Demographics
Density-dependent
Climax community
Estuary
Desert
Secondary succession
Intertidal zone
Grassland
Birth rate
Densityindependent
Death rate
Logistic growth
QUESTIONS:
1) Define and give examples of BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors.
2) Distinguish between AUTOTROPHS and HETEROTROPHS. Give an example of each.
3) Describe the 3 examples of symbiosis and an example of each: MUTUALISM, COMMENSALISM, and PARASITISM.
4) List and explain the 6 main steps of the WATER CYCLE.
**review the carbon and nitrogen cycles as well!
5) In an energy pyramid, approximately what percent of energy at one trophic level becomes available to the consumers at the
next trophic level? Why is this such a small amount? (what happens to the rest of the energy?)
6) Explain the difference between PRIMARY SUCCESSION and SECONDARY SUCCESSION. Give examples to help explain.
7) What are PIONEER SPECIES? In what stage of succession would you expect to find these?
8) Compare PHOTIC and APHOTIC zones in aquatic biomes.
9) What are ESTUARIES? (where do you find them? what are the major characteristics?)
**Be sure to review all 6 of the major TERRESTRIAL BIOMES and their major characteristics!
10) Define POPULATION:
11) What is the difference between EXPONENTIAL and LOGISTIC growth? (draw the shape of the curve that illustrates each
one)
12) Why can’t natural populations continue to grow exponentially for too long?
13) What is the CARRYING CAPACITY? What determines carrying capacity?
14) Explain the difference between DENSITY-DEPENDENT and DENSITY-INDEPENDENT factors; list 2 examples of each.
15) SOLVE THIS PROBLEM: A population of ground squirrels in a particular area is measured to have 80 individuals one year.
During the following year, 64 squirrels are born, but 52 squirrels die. Also, 17 new squirrels move in to the population, while 19
squirrels move out.
A) What is the CHANGE in population size at the end of that year?
B) What is the new size of the squirrel population?
C) If this change in population size is consistent for many years in a row, what will be the size of the squirrel population after an
additional 6 years?
**recommended: do the end of chapter practice multiple choice questions!
CH 3: pages 90-93
CH 4: pages 124-127
CH 5: pages 148-151
CH 6: pages 182-185