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Transcript
Julius Caesar A Tragedy by William Shakespeare The Author and Elizabethan Tragedies Shakespeare wrote three types of plays: Comedies, Tragedies, and Histories. Julius Caesar is a tragedy. The Rise of Ancient Rome Ancient Rome began as a Republic—a form of government where power is shared by the people. The Senate was the largest governing body of the Republic. There were 300 members in the Senate. The goal of having a large Senate was to share the power and to make sure no single person gained too much power. The Roman Army The army first consisted of volunteers. The army then shifted to paid professionals. Problems arose because these professional soldiers were more loyal to their commanders than to the Republic. Civil war broke out. Julius Caesar Caesar was one of the most powerful army commanders. The Senate feared Caesar’s growing power, so they ordered him to disband his army. Caesar disobeyed their orders and marched his army into Rome. Julius Caesar In Rome, Caesar hosted a huge banquet and invited all of the common people to attend. Due to Caesar’s overwhelming popularity among the people, the Senate was forced to vote him the powers of an absolute ruler. Julius Caesar Between 48 BC and 44 BC, Caesar used his power to: Give free grain to the hungry Create jobs for the unemployed Give land to poor farmers Plan and build a road system across Italy Expand the territory of the Roman Republic. Before Caesar After Caesar Julius Caesar The common people of Rome grew to love Caesar because he used his power to help improve their daily lives. The senators of Rome grew to hate Caesar because they feared he was getting too much power. Shakespeare’s Play Act I of Shakespeare’s play begins in 44 BCE, with the senators worrying that their Republic is in danger of turning into a dictatorship. The play is not an accurate account of Roman history. Terms to Know Aside – a line or two spoken directly to the audience, that other characters cannot hear Soliloquy – a speech given by one actor standing alone onstage Allusion – a reference to another famous work Terms to Know Explicit – directly stated Implicit – suggested, not directly stated Inference – a conclusion you can draw based on explicit and implicit information in the text. http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2ffkru Terms to Know Diction – the author’s choice of words Tone – the way the author feels about the subject Mood – the way the reader feels about the text An author’s diction influences tone; and provides you with the mood. Terms to Know Objective Summary – Briefly re-telling the main idea and supporting details of a text, WITHOUT inserting opinion How to Cite the Play (MLA) Act #. Scene #. Line Number(s). So, a citation for Act I, scene 2, lines 12-1 would look like: “I shall remember./ When Caesar says ‘Do this’, it is performed”(I.2.12-13).