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Transcript
• General Circulatory system Heart • • 1-Tunica interna: aka tunica intima • 1 Heart • 2-Tunica media: • 3-Tunica externa: aka tunica adventitia 2 3 • Heart = pump • • Heart auricle; lower, outer part of atrium auricle = 'ear' looks like a dog's ear. • • Pressure pushes blood into the atria • 4 Heart Ventricles contract, ejecting blood into the elastic arteries. • no exogenous stimulation With adequate 02 and chemical energy heart will beat 5 Heart • Wall structure • Tunica interna: endocardium. • • . Medium to large hearts 6 7 Heart • Tunica media: myocardium. • Tunica externa: epicardium. 8 9 • • Special structures: Cardiac Valves Heart • R and L semilunar valves 10 Heart Chordae tendonae and papillary muscles Tension-cords • • Ventricles contract, cords prevent valve inversion 11 Heart The tunica media of all four chambers of the heart are continuous • Membrane impulse begins at sinoatrial (SA) node • 12 Heart Medium to large hearts, Purkinje fibers • • Only weakly contractile; 13 Heart Impulse reaches the interatrial septum and the auricle 0.1 sec later. • Bottom of the interatrial septum; impulse reaches the atrio-ventricular node (AV node) Takes another 0.1 sec to pass through the AV node 14 Heart Atrial tunica media thinner than that of the ventricles • 15 Heart Purkinje fibers extends down the interventricular septum and • • Membrane impulse reaches the upper ventricular walls 16 Heart The outer wall of the RV is much thinner than that of the LV. • Less force is required to pump blood into the pulmonary trunk than into the aortic trunk. • Thickness of the interventricular septum =outer wall of the LV. • LV lumen much more apparent in sections of the heart than lumen of the RV. • 17 18 Heart 19 Heart The heart sounds; closure of the two sets of valves. • First sound ('lubb') does not occur when the atria contract, • • Second sound ('dupp') 20 Heart The depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac muscle tissue • • 21 Heart • P wave • QRScomplex T wave no wave due to atrial repolarization 22