Download Exploring Prostate Proteins and Antibodies

Exploring Prostate Proteins and Antibodies
Which proteins are expressed in the prostate? To acknowledge Prostate Cancer Awareness
Month, we take a closer look at the human prostate specific proteome. We explore the Human
Protein Atlas's analysis of the prostate specific transcriptome, and present selected antibodies
against proteins specifically expressed in prostate. All antibodies are presented on the Human
Protein Atlas and available in our catalog as Triple A Polyclonals. To learn more read the full
summary on the Human prostate proteome knowledge page on the Human Protein Atlas
portal.
67% of all Human Proteins are Expressed in Prostate
Two thirds of human proteins are expressed in the prostate. The number is based on the
Human Protein Atlas analysis of RNA-Seq data for approximately 20,000 human proteins.
Only 21 Prostate Specific Proteins
Of all the genes expressed in prostate, 186 genes show various degrees of elevated expression
in prostate compared to other tissues. Only 21 genes were found to be prostate specific
(enriched), expressed at least five times more in prostate as compared to other tissues. The
Human Protein Atlas study revealed that most of the transcriptional activity in prostate relates
to housekeeping functions.
The KLK3 gene encoding the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) protein is tissue enriched in prostate, with at least 5 times
higher RNA expression in prostate compared to other tissues. This is illustrated here with IHC staining in seven different
tissues using the Anti-KLK3 antibody (HPA000764). No staining is seen in breast (A), cerebellum (B), colon (C), liver (D),
lymph node (E) or testis (F) tissues, whereas the Anti-KLK3 antibody shows strong positivity in prostate (G).
Prostate enriched Proteins are Expressed by the Secretory Cells in the
Glandular Structures
Several of the prostate enriched genes belong to a group of serine proteases, called the
kalikrein protein family. One example of these serine proteases is Prostate Specific Antigen
(PSA), a well known biomarker for prostate cancer since it is elevated in blood from prostate
cancer patients. Most group enriched genes in prostate share expression with testis, cerebral
cortex or with colon.
IHC staining of human prostate (A), colon (B), liver (C) and testis (D) tisues with AntiHOXB13 antibody (HPA062852) showing grouped expression in prostate and colon.
Prostate Cancer in The Cancer Atlas
In the Cancer Atlas on the Human Protein Atlas portal, all antibodies have been stained in 12
different prostate cancer samples, as well as in samples from 19 other cancers.
The AMACR protein is used as a biomarker for prostate cancer since AMACR is overexpressed in prostate cancer compared to normal prostate. On the AMACR entry on the
Cancer Atlas, stainings of prostate cancer samples using the Anti-AMACR antibody can be
viewed.
The Anti-AMACR antibody (HPA019527) shows strong positivity in prostate cancer samples (left) compared to normal
prostate (right).
IHC Staining Patterns Seen in Prostate and Prostate Cancer Samples
Membranous staining of tumor cells in prostate cancer using Anti-CHD1 Antibody (AMAb90863).
Staining of nuclear membrane in glandular cells in normal prostate tissue using Anti-SUN2 Antibody
(HPA001209).
Staining of mesenchymal cells in normal prostate using Anti-VIM antibody (AMAb90516).
Cytoplasmic granular positivity in glandular cells in normal prostate using Anti-SLC45A3 antibody
(HPA019075).
Cytoplasmic staining of glandular cells in normal prostate using Anti-ACPP antibody (HPA063916).
Staining of smooth muscle cells in prostate using Anti-ACTB Antibody (HPA041271).
Selected Prostate Specific Antibodies
We have compiled a list of a selected number of antibodies against prostate specific proteins.
Explore the links to the Human Protein Atlas in the table below, and see the tissue expression
for the respective proteins in various tissues illustrated with RNA FPKM values as well as
staining intensity values. Are you working with any of these proteins? The links in the
"Antibody" column takes you to the respective product pages in our online store.
Antibody
Protein
Tissue expression on the
Human Protein Atlas
Anti-KLK3 Antibody
(HPA000764)
Anti-TGM4 Antibody
(HPA032072)
Anti-ACPP Antibody
(HPA063916)
Anti-KLK4 Antibody
(HPA051839)
Anti-MSMB Antibody
(HPA051257)
Kallikrein-related
peptidase 3
KLK3 tissue expression
Transglutaminase 4
TGM4 tissue expression
Acid phosphatase,
prostate
Kallikrein-related
peptidase 4
ACPP tissue expression
KLK4 tissue expression
Microseminoprotein, beta- MSMB tissue expression
SLC45A3 tissue
Anti-SLC4A3 Antibody Solute carrier family 45,
expression
(HPA019075)
member 3
Learn About Prostate Histology in the Tissue Dictionary
Explore the function and histology of prostate in the Human Protein Atlas Tissue Dictionary:

Prostate normal tissue entry in the Tissue Dictionary

Prostate Cancer entry in the Tissue Dictionary
Learn more

The Human Protein Atlas knowledge page of the Human prostate proteome
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