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MicroRNA-6165 Down-regulates IGF1R and Enhances Apoptosis in SW480 Cell line Maryam Hassanlou1, Bahram M. Soltani1* and Seyed J. Mowla1 1 Department of Biology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. [email protected] * Tarbiat Modares University MicroRNAs are long non-coding small RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional mRNA expression. Numerous evidences have shown the important roles for these regulators in cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. MicroRNAs expression have shown in several human developmental process including differentiation of stem cells to neuronal cells. Neurotrophins (NT) are a family of secretive growth factors that do their functions via binding to their specific receptors (TrkA, TrkB and TrkC) or their common receptor (p75ntr). P75ntr is the common receptors of NTs that binds to all members of NTs family and has important roles in survival, differentiation and proliferation of several types of cells. Recently, a MicroRNA named hsa-mir6165 has been discovered in forth intron of p75ntr which the preliminary lab studies have shown its involvement in apoptosis induction in some human cell lines. The bioinformatics analysis has revealed the IGF1R as its potential target genes. Considering the revealed evidence of association of this MicroRNA host gene (p75ntr) as facilitator factor for apoptosis during development and after injury, we analyzed the expression of hsa-mir-6165 in SW480 cell lines. Our results indicated that hsa-mir-6165 not only can down-regulate the expression of IGF1R but although significantly can enhance the apoptosis rate in this cells.