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Warm-up 2/21: Describe what happened with the gene pool with the mice from yesterdays video. (Min. 3 sentences & use as much Vocab as you can.) What are the five assumptions that must hold true to achieve genetic equilibrium? DISRUPTING GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM Ch. 16-2 pp. 321-325 Definitions.. Evolution is the change in a population’s genetic material (alleles) over generations. A population is in genetic equilibrium if it’s not evolving WHAT PUSHES A POPULATION OUT OF EQUILIBRIUM? Population is in equilibrium 5 Factors I. Mutation Produces and introduces new alleles in a population II. Migration/ Gene Flow Movement of individuals in or out of a population Immigration – In (Entering population) Emigration – Out (Leaving population) III. Genetic Drift The amount of an allele changes due to random events Affects small populations mostly Lose alleles if not enough to mate or a catastrophe occurs IV. Natural Selection (3 Types) Organisms best suited to their environment live to reproduce and pass on their genes Acts on a phenotype Varying types of selection Directional Selection Individuals with a more extreme form of trait have higher fitness Normal Distribution Distribution after Selection Stabilizing Selection Having average form of trait has highest fitness Normal Distribution Distribution after Selection Disruptive Selection Individuals with any extreme trait has a higher fitness and most likely results in two new species Normal Distribution Distribution after Selection V. Non-random mating Can amplify certain traits and reduce others through sexual selection Sexual Selection - Choose mates based on specific traits and those traits increase in the population HW: Quiz on Friday. Vocab (Tri-fold) for: Gene Flow, Genetic Drift, Stabilizing Selection, Disruptive Selection, Directional Selection. Read p 321-325 Do problem p 325 #2-5