Download Understanding Diabetes

Understanding
Diabetes
Mr. Alvarez
Health Science © 2008
What is Diabetes?
 A chronic disease (lasts a long
time) where the person’s body
either:
a) loses the ability to make enough
insulin (a hormone) = Type 1 or
b) the body can’t use the insulin that it
does make properly = Type 2.
How does it begin?
 Our bodies take in food, digest it &
turns it into sugar (Glucose).
 The pancreas releases insulin which
joins up with glucose to get it into
the cell.
 Glucose gives energy to the cell.
 NO insulin = NO Glucose in Cell.
Food and digestion
 Digestion & Diabetes
Where is the pancreas?
Insulin & Glucose 2gether
 When insulin attaches to the cell it
opens the cell to let in Glucose.
Insulin & Glucose 2gether
Type 1 Diabetes
 Occurs at
childhood (kids
and teens) genes.
 Pancreas loses the
ability to make
insulin or makes
very little.
 Must inject
themselves
everyday and
watch what they
eat.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 2 Diabetes
 Makes improper
insulin.
 Occurs usually
over the age of 45
or people
overweight.
 Inherited from
ones parents.
(genes)
Gestational
 women without
previously
diagnosed
diabetes exhibit
high blood
glucose levels
during
pregnancy
Too Much Glucose
 If Glucose can’t get into the cell it builds
up creating sugary blood.
(hyperglycemia)
Foods with high Carbs
Eating glucose levels
Above
150 Can
be
diabetic.
Eating glucose levels
Above
150 Can
be
diabetic.
Causes of Diabetes
 Genetics
 Poor eating
habits
 Stress
 Sickness
 Lack of
exercise
Symptoms of Diabetes
 Extreme Thirst
 Need to urinate
frequently
 Sudden or
excessive weight
loss.
 Extreme hunger
 Fatigue
 Vaginal yeast
infection in girls
High /Low Glucose
Treatments
 Diet
 Exercise (30
min per day)
 Blood Glucose
checks
(monitoring)
 Insulin
injections
 Medications
Treatments
If Not Treated What Could
Happen?







Kidney Problems
Blindness
Dental problems
Amputation
Infections
DEATH!
Recap
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. Eating too much
sugar causes diabetes.
 (False)
 type 1 diabetes happens when the
cells in the pancreas that make
insulin are destroyed.
 type 2 diabetes is inherited
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. People with diabetes
can never eat sweets.
 (False)
 It just means that they should put
the brakes on eating too many
sweets and other types of foods that
are high in calories and low in
nutrients like vitamins and minerals.
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. People can outgrow
diabetes.
 (False)
 People don't grow out of their diabetes.
In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas stops
making insulin and won't make it again.
 Type 2 diabetes will probably always
have the tendency to develop high blood
sugar levels
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. You can catch diabetes
from a person who has it.
 (False)
 Diabetes is not contagious, which
means you can't get it from another
person.
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. People with diabetes can feel
when their blood sugar levels are high or
low.
 (False)
 You may feel certain symptoms (like
weakness or fatigue) if your blood sugar
levels are high or low, but the only way
to know your blood sugar levels for sure
is to test them.
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. All people with diabetes
need to take insulin.
 (False)
 All people with type 1 diabetes have to
take insulin injections because their
pancreases don't make insulin anymore.
Some, but not all, people with type 2
diabetes have to take insulin — with or
without other diabetes medications.
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. Insulin
cures diabetes.
 (False)
 Diabetes is a condition that you
manage with insulin, but insulin
can't cure it.
Quiz Time!!!
 True or False. People
can't exercise.
with diabetes
 (False)
 Exercise is important for all people
— with or without diabetes!
Exercise has many benefits. In
addition to helping keep your
weight under control