Download NONINFECTIOUS DISEASE What is noninfectious disease

NONINFECTIOUS DISEASE
What is noninfectious disease?
• Diseases that are not caused by
pathogens in the body.
• Ex: cardiovascular disease, allergies,
diabetes, cancer…
ALLERGIES: What is an allergy?
• A disorder in which the immune system is
overly sensitive to a foreign substance
• An allergy develops in response to various
foreign substances that set off reactions in
the body.
What
are
allergens?
• Any substance that causes an allergy.
What is a histamine?
• A chemical that is
responsible for the
symptoms of an
allergy, such as
sneezing and
watery eyes.
What is asthma?
A disorder in which
the respiratory
passages narrow
significantly.
DIABETES:
Diabetes is either the
condition when the
pancreas fails to produce
enough insulin OR the
body’s cells fail to properly
use the insulin.
• What is insulin?
Insulin enables
cells to take in
glucose from the
blood and use it
for energy.
• As a result, a person with diabetes has high
levels of glucose in the blood and may even
excrete glucose in the urine. The person’s
body cells, however, do not have enough
glucose.
Effects of Diabetes
If untreated…
– Weight loss
– Weakness
– Nonstop hunger
Long Term…
Blindness, kidney failure, heart disease
2 Forms of Diabetes
• Type 1- Begins in childhood/early
adulthood. The pancreas produces little
or no insulin. People must then get insulin
injections.
• Type 2- Usually develops during
adulthood. Either pancreas doesn’t
produce enough insulin OR the body’s
cells don’t respond normally to insulin.
CANCER
• Cancer is a disease in which cells
multiply uncontrollably, over and
over, destroying healthy tissue in
the process.
How Cancer Develops
• As cells divide over and over, they often
form abnormal tissue masses called tumors.
• Not all tumors are cancerous, however
some can be.
Causes of Cancer
• Inherited characteristics from parents.
• Carcinogens- some substances or factors in
the environment (Ex. Tar in cigarette smoke,
ultraviolet light, etc.)
• Surgery
• Drugs
• Radiation
Cancer Treatment
• Radiation uses high energy waves to kill cancer
cells, however it also kills health some healthy,
normal cells.
Preventing Cancer
• Avoiding carcinogens, such as those found
in tobacco.
• Eating a low fat diet that includes many
fruits and vegetables.
• Regular medical checkups