The Effect of Ingested Macronutrients on Postprandial Ghrelin
... is the driving force for postprandial ghrelin suppression by comparing the effects of meal ingestion on plasma ghrelin levels between insulin-deficient patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls [30]. The investigators concluded that insulin is essential for meal-induced plasma ghrelin suppre ...
... is the driving force for postprandial ghrelin suppression by comparing the effects of meal ingestion on plasma ghrelin levels between insulin-deficient patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls [30]. The investigators concluded that insulin is essential for meal-induced plasma ghrelin suppre ...
Thyroid Hormone, Metabolism and the Brain
... insulin in humans, the most important hormone inhibiting EGP (50). This may explain the often reported glucose intolerance in hyperthyroid patients (44;51;52), and is likely to contribute to the T3-induced EGP increase during thyrotoxicosis. Data on insulin sensitivity on the level of peripheral glu ...
... insulin in humans, the most important hormone inhibiting EGP (50). This may explain the often reported glucose intolerance in hyperthyroid patients (44;51;52), and is likely to contribute to the T3-induced EGP increase during thyrotoxicosis. Data on insulin sensitivity on the level of peripheral glu ...
Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Comprehensive Guide to Diagnosis and
... Compounds® handbook presents comprehensive information for many rare procedures and tests that have been requested in the course of the past twenty-eight years. The handbook reflects the tremendous advances that have been made since 1977. The number of tests offered has increased six-fold in additio ...
... Compounds® handbook presents comprehensive information for many rare procedures and tests that have been requested in the course of the past twenty-eight years. The handbook reflects the tremendous advances that have been made since 1977. The number of tests offered has increased six-fold in additio ...
endocrine dynamic function test protocols
... The sensitivity of the Synacthen test is higher in primary adrenal insufficiency compared with secondary adrenal insufficiency. Sensitivity is particularly low in recent-onset ACTH deficiency (within 4 – 6 weeks of an insult to the pituitary). Cortisol results may be misleadingly low in the presence ...
... The sensitivity of the Synacthen test is higher in primary adrenal insufficiency compared with secondary adrenal insufficiency. Sensitivity is particularly low in recent-onset ACTH deficiency (within 4 – 6 weeks of an insult to the pituitary). Cortisol results may be misleadingly low in the presence ...
p38 MAPK regulation of glucose transporter expression
... motifs by the MAPK kinases, MKK6 and MKK3 (41). Functional differences between the isoforms are related in part to their differential expression, activation, and substrate specificity. p38␣ and p38 are ubiquitously expressed, while p38␦ is predominantly expressed in glandular tissues, lung, and kid ...
... motifs by the MAPK kinases, MKK6 and MKK3 (41). Functional differences between the isoforms are related in part to their differential expression, activation, and substrate specificity. p38␣ and p38 are ubiquitously expressed, while p38␦ is predominantly expressed in glandular tissues, lung, and kid ...
5_triiodothyronine-down-regulates-thyrotropin-releasing
... in the islets, but its secretory pattern is unknown (10). Unlike major islet hormones, however, the highest concentrations of TRH and pTRH-(160 –169) are detected during the early development of neonatal rats (2–3 days after birth) (11). This period coincides with a marked growth of the b-cell popul ...
... in the islets, but its secretory pattern is unknown (10). Unlike major islet hormones, however, the highest concentrations of TRH and pTRH-(160 –169) are detected during the early development of neonatal rats (2–3 days after birth) (11). This period coincides with a marked growth of the b-cell popul ...
The Endocrine System - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
... _______ 1. The failure of an endocrine gland to produce sufficient levels of a hormone, or hyposecretion, can have a serious impact on health. _______ 2. The term endocrine literally means “to secrete within.” _______ 3. In the condition known as myxedema, the skin becomes loose and thin. _______ 4. ...
... _______ 1. The failure of an endocrine gland to produce sufficient levels of a hormone, or hyposecretion, can have a serious impact on health. _______ 2. The term endocrine literally means “to secrete within.” _______ 3. In the condition known as myxedema, the skin becomes loose and thin. _______ 4. ...
bledsoe_pcpp4_ch04_lecture - McLaren
... ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Paramedic Care: Principles & Practice, 4th Ed. ...
... ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Paramedic Care: Principles & Practice, 4th Ed. ...
Renal Gluconeogenesis
... Studies conducted over the last 60 years in animals and in vitro have provided considerable evidence that the mammalian kidney can make glucose and release it under various conditions. Until quite recently, however, it was generally believed that the human kidney was not an important source of gluco ...
... Studies conducted over the last 60 years in animals and in vitro have provided considerable evidence that the mammalian kidney can make glucose and release it under various conditions. Until quite recently, however, it was generally believed that the human kidney was not an important source of gluco ...
Cortisol and growth hormone responses to spontaneous
... group were younger than 4 years. In order to match the age distribution in the two groups, we therefore excluded three older patients (aged 13–15 years) from the non-hypoglycaemic group (remaining, n = 26). Subjects within the hypoglycaemic and non-hypoglycaemic groups were further subdivided into i ...
... group were younger than 4 years. In order to match the age distribution in the two groups, we therefore excluded three older patients (aged 13–15 years) from the non-hypoglycaemic group (remaining, n = 26). Subjects within the hypoglycaemic and non-hypoglycaemic groups were further subdivided into i ...
View/Open
... the secretion of many hormones (e.g. cortisol, leptin, ghrelin), which allow an animal to be in the most appropriate physiological state at different time points. Moore-Ede (1986) suggested the term predictive homeostasis for these anticipatory changes in physiology. Anticipatory responses are assoc ...
... the secretion of many hormones (e.g. cortisol, leptin, ghrelin), which allow an animal to be in the most appropriate physiological state at different time points. Moore-Ede (1986) suggested the term predictive homeostasis for these anticipatory changes in physiology. Anticipatory responses are assoc ...
Longitudinal association of C-reactive protein and Haemoglobin A1c
... studies. Understanding such associations may shed light on the role of inflammation in development of type-2 diabetes and its complications such as cardiovascular diseases. Methods: EPIC-Norfolk is a cohort study of men and women aged 40–79 years at time of recruitment (1993–1997). Serum CRP (mg/l) ...
... studies. Understanding such associations may shed light on the role of inflammation in development of type-2 diabetes and its complications such as cardiovascular diseases. Methods: EPIC-Norfolk is a cohort study of men and women aged 40–79 years at time of recruitment (1993–1997). Serum CRP (mg/l) ...
Autonomic regulation of islet hormone secretion
... The postganglionic nerve fibres innervating the islets release acetylcholine, which directly stimulates insulin secretion from the islet beta cells through activation of muscarinic receptors. The muscarinic nature of the action has been verified by immunocytochemistry showing localisation of muscari ...
... The postganglionic nerve fibres innervating the islets release acetylcholine, which directly stimulates insulin secretion from the islet beta cells through activation of muscarinic receptors. The muscarinic nature of the action has been verified by immunocytochemistry showing localisation of muscari ...
Impact of recurrent hypoglycemic stress on hindbrain A2 nerve cell
... to O‑V4. Treatment with a fourth of four doses of insulin suppressed blood glucose in E‑I4 and O‑I4 to an equivalent extent. Sc E‑filled capsule implantation resulted in plasma hormone concentrations of 21.4+0.3 (E‑V4), 21.9+0.4 (E‑I3V), and 21.7+0.4 (E‑I4) pg/mL; circulating estradiol was undetecta ...
... to O‑V4. Treatment with a fourth of four doses of insulin suppressed blood glucose in E‑I4 and O‑I4 to an equivalent extent. Sc E‑filled capsule implantation resulted in plasma hormone concentrations of 21.4+0.3 (E‑V4), 21.9+0.4 (E‑I3V), and 21.7+0.4 (E‑I4) pg/mL; circulating estradiol was undetecta ...
Insulin-Mediated Increases in the HDL Cholesterol/Cholesterol
... cholesterol metabolism is unclear. In vivo, diseases at the extremes of serum insulin concentration have been associated with alterations in lipoprotein cholesterol distribution. In obesity, a state where serum insulin is high, there are increases in total, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and l ...
... cholesterol metabolism is unclear. In vivo, diseases at the extremes of serum insulin concentration have been associated with alterations in lipoprotein cholesterol distribution. In obesity, a state where serum insulin is high, there are increases in total, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and l ...
Glucose sensing and signaling by two glucose receptors in the yeast
... How eukaryotic cells sense availability of glucose, their preferred carbon and energy source, is an important, unsolved problem. Bakers’ yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) uses two glucose transporter homologs, Snf3 and Rgt2, as glucose sensors that generate a signal for induction of expression of gen ...
... How eukaryotic cells sense availability of glucose, their preferred carbon and energy source, is an important, unsolved problem. Bakers’ yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) uses two glucose transporter homologs, Snf3 and Rgt2, as glucose sensors that generate a signal for induction of expression of gen ...
SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY Volume
... in one cat. Pituitary carcinoma was confirmed by pituitary biopsy in one case and was suspected in another cat based on computerized tomography findings and cytology of fluid from a pituitary cyst. Median survival was 523 days, with a range of 252 to 1,894 days. Six cats were alive at one year and t ...
... in one cat. Pituitary carcinoma was confirmed by pituitary biopsy in one case and was suspected in another cat based on computerized tomography findings and cytology of fluid from a pituitary cyst. Median survival was 523 days, with a range of 252 to 1,894 days. Six cats were alive at one year and t ...
The Discovery of Insulin - Albert Einstein College of Medicine
... better path to success. As they discussed the topic, they arrived at a hypothesis that Macleod supported: ligate the pancreatic duct to induce pancreatic atrophy and test to see if it contained the alleged internal secretion (Bliss, 1989). The experiment had not been conducted by previous researcher ...
... better path to success. As they discussed the topic, they arrived at a hypothesis that Macleod supported: ligate the pancreatic duct to induce pancreatic atrophy and test to see if it contained the alleged internal secretion (Bliss, 1989). The experiment had not been conducted by previous researcher ...
Highly specific radioimmunoassay for human insulin
... non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [5 women and 1 man; mean age, 66 years (range, 40 – 82 years); mean body mass index, 29 kg/m2 (range, 22.8 –36.5 kg/m2); mean fasting plasma glucose, 6.3 mmol/L (range, 4.1– 8.4 mmol/L)] after fasting and 120 min after a test meal, and from 9 patients sufferin ...
... non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [5 women and 1 man; mean age, 66 years (range, 40 – 82 years); mean body mass index, 29 kg/m2 (range, 22.8 –36.5 kg/m2); mean fasting plasma glucose, 6.3 mmol/L (range, 4.1– 8.4 mmol/L)] after fasting and 120 min after a test meal, and from 9 patients sufferin ...
glucose sensing in yeast and other cells
... difference to our cells: they, for the most part, feast only on the glucose that is the ultimate end product of our meals. Whether it be during the brief periods when we are eating, during the long periods when we sleep, or while we are exercising, most people are able to maintain remarkably constan ...
... difference to our cells: they, for the most part, feast only on the glucose that is the ultimate end product of our meals. Whether it be during the brief periods when we are eating, during the long periods when we sleep, or while we are exercising, most people are able to maintain remarkably constan ...
Insulin, thyroid stimulating hormone and lipid levels among obese
... compared to controls (mean=13.0±13.0 ìIU/mL and 91.0±20.2 mg/dl Vs 6.9±8.0 ìIU/mL and 83.7±11.2 mg/dl, P=0.000 and 0.005, respectively). In contrast, the mean levels of TSH were lower in cases compared to controls (mean = 1.41±1.23 ìIU/mL Vs 1.93±0.98 ìIU/mL, P=0.003). The mean levels of total chole ...
... compared to controls (mean=13.0±13.0 ìIU/mL and 91.0±20.2 mg/dl Vs 6.9±8.0 ìIU/mL and 83.7±11.2 mg/dl, P=0.000 and 0.005, respectively). In contrast, the mean levels of TSH were lower in cases compared to controls (mean = 1.41±1.23 ìIU/mL Vs 1.93±0.98 ìIU/mL, P=0.003). The mean levels of total chole ...
4176 metodological instructions - Сумський державний університет
... underpin quality care by providing accurate and timely information on the results of individual patient treatment in real time, and facilitate the tracking of patients over time for purposes of continuous improvement of care for designated populations or sub-populations. It is also invaluable for pu ...
... underpin quality care by providing accurate and timely information on the results of individual patient treatment in real time, and facilitate the tracking of patients over time for purposes of continuous improvement of care for designated populations or sub-populations. It is also invaluable for pu ...
Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia After Gastric
... per subject. To minimize the potential impact of an investigator bias, the representative images of each section were stored on a compact disc by one investigator (J.J.M.) and provided to another investigator (A.E.B.) for evaluation. To measure the frequency of -cell replication, 10 random fields p ...
... per subject. To minimize the potential impact of an investigator bias, the representative images of each section were stored on a compact disc by one investigator (J.J.M.) and provided to another investigator (A.E.B.) for evaluation. To measure the frequency of -cell replication, 10 random fields p ...
Chapter 20 outline
... glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and in the presence of glucose acts to stimulate insulin secretion pramlintide (Symlin): an amylinomimetic agent responsible for modulation of gastric emptying, prevention of postprandial rise in plasma glucagon, and satiety, which leads to decreased caloric intake an ...
... glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and in the presence of glucose acts to stimulate insulin secretion pramlintide (Symlin): an amylinomimetic agent responsible for modulation of gastric emptying, prevention of postprandial rise in plasma glucagon, and satiety, which leads to decreased caloric intake an ...
Insulin and Its Metabolic Effects 2011
... environment. Other species can live two weeks, two years or sometimes 20 years depending on what they want themselves to do, which depends very much on the environment. If there is a lot of food around they are going to reproduce quickly and die quickly, if not they will just bide their time until c ...
... environment. Other species can live two weeks, two years or sometimes 20 years depending on what they want themselves to do, which depends very much on the environment. If there is a lot of food around they are going to reproduce quickly and die quickly, if not they will just bide their time until c ...
Diabetes in dogs
Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the beta cells of the endocrine pancreas either stop producing insulin or can no longer produce it in enough quantity for the body's needs. The condition is commonly divided into two types, depending on the origin of the condition: Type 1 diabetes, sometimes called ""juvenile diabetes"", is caused by destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas. The condition is also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes, meaning exogenous insulin injections must replace the insulin the pancreas is no longer capable of producing for the body's needs. Dogs have insulin-dependent, or Type 1, diabetes; research finds no Type 2 diabetes in dogs. Because of this, there is no possibility the permanently damaged pancreatic beta cells could re-activate to engender a remission as may be possible with some feline diabetes cases, where the primary type of diabetes is Type 2. There is another less common form of diabetes, diabetes insipidus, which is a condition of insufficient antidiuretic hormone or resistance to it.This most common form of diabetes strikes 1 in 500 dogs. The condition is treatable and need not shorten the animal's life span or interfere with quality of life. If left untreated, the condition can lead to cataracts, increasing weakness in the legs (neuropathy), malnutrition, ketoacidosis, dehydration, and death. Diabetes mainly affects middle-age and older dogs, but there are juvenile cases. The typical canine diabetes patient is middle-age, female, and overweight at diagnosis.The number of dogs diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has increased three-fold in thirty years. In survival rates from almost the same time, only 50% survived the first 60 days after diagnosis and went on to be successfully treated at home. Currently, diabetic dogs receiving treatment have the same expected lifespan as non-diabetic dogs of the same age and gender.