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The Nation Divides
Chapter 10 Lesson 3
Essential Questions

What events caused the United States to
break apart?

What were Abraham Lincoln’s political
views?

What event officially started the Civil War?
Key Vocabulary

Secede
 Confederacy
 Border state
 Artillery
 Civil war
Abraham Lincoln

Born in Kentucky
 Learned to read and write with little
schooling
 Lawyer and Congressman from Illinois
 Joined the Republican Party because he was
concerned with the spread of slavery in the
west.
Lincoln-Douglas Debate

Helped make Lincoln well known for his
views on slavery.
 Lincoln DID NOT originally want to end
slavery, but felt it should not spread…
John Brown’s Raid

Who: John Brown, an abolitionist
 Where: a government storehouse with guns
in Harpers Ferry, Virginia
 What: led a raid
 When: 1859
 Why: wanted to give guns to enslaved
African-Americans
_____________________________________
OUTCOME: Brown was arrested and hanged,
but the raid was proof that Northerns wanted
to end slavery
New President

Abraham Lincoln is
elected 16th President
of the United States in
1860.
 Southerners threatened
to secede from the
Union if he was
elected.
The Nation Separates

December 1860: SC, AL, FL, GA, LA, MS,
and TX seceded from the Union

They formed the Confederate States of
America, or Confederacy, with their own
government!

Jefferson Davis is
elected President of the
CSA.
Border States

DE, MD, KY, MO, (WV-1863)
 These states permitted slavery, but did not
secede from the Union.
Remain United
Lincoln hoped to prevent
a war. “We are not
enemies, but friends,”
Lincoln told
Southerners after
taking the oath of
office. “We must not
be enemies.” But time
was running out.
Fort Sumter


The Confederate States of
America surrounded Ft.
Sumter, a “federal” fort
and therefore an illegal
presence on South
Carolina land.
President Lincoln received
word that supplies were
running out for federal
troops. If supplies did not
come soon, they would
have to surrender the fort
to the Confederacy.
A Difficult Decision

Lincoln made the
decision he thought
would be best. He
would send supply
ships to the fort.

Then he waited to see
what would happen…
Jefferson’s Response

Now Jefferson Davis
had to make a
decision.
 He decided to attack
the fort before the
supply ships arrived.
On April 12, 1861,
Confederates fired on
Fort Sumter.
The Outcome

The Civil War had began.

The Result:
– Causalities: 1
(a horse)
– Fort Sumter belonged
to the Confederacy.
DO NOW: WB p. 95-96