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11.1 Replication of DNA AQA AS 2010 ad Learning objectives: Describe the sequence of events in DNA replication Identify the enzymes and state the reactions they control in DNA replication. Explain the semi-conservative nature of DNA replication Cell division All cells are derived from existing cells dividing. -nuclear division : mitosis or meiosis -cell division (cytokinesis) Nuclear division starts with DNA replication, so each daughter cell has all the genetic information required to make all the enzymes and other protein it needs. DNA replication Describe what you see DNA Replication Lew port Semi-conservative replication Sequence DNA helicase ……………………………….. Double helix unwinds and the two strands ………… Each exposed ……………… acts as a ……………. to which …………………. nucleotides are attracted Energy required to …………… nucleotides Activated nucleotides are joined by the enzyme DNA ……………… Each new strand of DNA contains ……….the …………..DNA molecule DNA movie 1, 2 ,3 KS5 Shared Draw the DNA strands resulting from each of these replicating. Evidence for semi-conservative replication Using theories and models to explain observations Draw diagram to show conservative and semiconservative replication Designing an experiment to determine which model. Meselsohn and Stahl Key features: - All DNA bases contain nitrogen -nitrogen exists as lighter nitrogen 14N and heavier isotope 15N -bacteria incorporate nitrogen from their growing medium into any DNA they make Bacteria grown in medium containing 15N Bacteria transferred to 14N medium for one generation. Centrifuge extracted DNA to separate the lighter and heavier strands Repeated for subsequent generations Control Parents 14N 15N 1st generation 2nd generation 3rd generation What is happening? Why are the strands made in opposite directions?