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Patterns of Inheritance Topics Genes and chromosomes 1. Heredity and the environment 2. Mendel and the idea of alleles 3. Genes and chromosomes Mendelian patterns of inheritance 1. Probability and genetics 2. Inheritance of alleles 3. Sex determination Other patterns of inheritance 1. Multiple alleles and alleles without dominance 2. Linked genes 3. X-linked traits 4. Nondisjunction 5. Multigene traits What to Read Chapter 9 pp 142-147 Chapter 9 pp 147-151, 163 Chapter 9 pp 151-166 Vocabulary Allele Codominant Dihybrid Dominant F1 generation F2 generation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 Genome Genotype Heterozygous Homozygous Incomplete dominance Monohybrid Multiple alleles Nondisjunction Parental generation Pedigree Phenotype Probability Recessive X-linked trait Targets Explain the roles of heredity and environment in organism development. Explain the relationship among alleles, genes, and chromosomes. Apply the principles of probability to genetics. Explain Mendel’s principles of segregation and independent assortment. Give examples of how sex is determined in several organisms. Explain the role of multiple alleles in inheritance. Explain linked genes. Recognize how X-linked traits differ from other linked traits. Summarize the effects of nondisjunction. Questions to Consider Blue (KC 366) Create a concept map using the following words: codominant, genes, homologous chromosomes, multiple alleles, nondisjunction, recessive, trait, X-linked. Start with the word ALLELE and branch from there. Add as many other concepts from the chapter as you can. Be sure to include appropriate linking words for all concepts. Blue (RI 366) Explain Mendel’s two principles of inheritance. 3 Blue (UC 366) 4 5 Blue (E 367) Green (MGP 169) In paternity lawsuits, blood typing often is used to provide genetic evidence that the alleged father could not be related to the child. For the following mother-child combinations, indicate which blood types could NOT have been the father’s: (1) Mother with O and child with B; (2) Mother with B and child with A; (3) Mother with AB and child with B. How will a complete gene map for humans be useful? How might it be a problem? Heather was surprised to discover that she suffered from red-green color blindness. She told her biology teacher who said, “Your father is color blind too, right?” How did her teacher know this? Why did her teacher not say the same thing to the color blind males in the class?