Download Genetics Unit Review Guide

Use ALL notes, lab, hand-outs to prepare! This is only a guide, do not attempt to memorize the study
guide and think you are prepared for the exam. If you wait until the last minute, you’re going to have
a bad time!
1) Know all the following terms and how they relate to one another. Be able to give examples or
recognize them in a scenario:
 Mendel’s Laws
 Pleiotropy
 Meiosis
 Law of Segregation
 Cytokinesis
 Polar Bodies
 Law of Independent
 Karyokinesis
 Autosomes (Autosomal
Assortment
 Chromosome
Chromosomes)
 Law of Dominance
 Gene
 Spindle Fibers
 Heterozygous
 Duplicated Chromosome
 Aster Fibers
 Homozygous
 Unduplicated
 Mitotic Apparatus
 Phenotype
Chromosome
 Centromere
 Genotype
 Homologous
 Kinetochore
 Gene Mapping
Chromosomes
 Centrioles
 Chromosomal Map
 Gamete
 Cleavage Furrow
 Karyotype
 Somatic Cell
 Cell Plate
 Pedigree
 Haploid
 Zygote
 Codominance
 Diploid
 DNA Replication
 Incomplete Dominance
 Prophase (1and 2)
 Tetrad
 Epistasis
 Metaphase (1and 2)
 Crossing over
 Polygenics
 Anaphase (1and 2)
 Eggs
 Sex influenced
 Telophase (1and 2)
 Sperm
 Sex linkage
 Interphase
 Genetic Diversity
 Environmental genes
 Interkinesis
Use this as a guide to make sure you have covered all topics that could come up on your exam by
comparing these topics to your lecture notes, labs and practices! DO NOT SOLEY USE THIS GUIDE!!!!!
2) State, explain, and give examples and scenarios of Mendel’s Laws
3) Explain how probability relates to genetics.
4) Know how to use math values for Mendel inheritance probability. You can use these examples to
check that you are able to do this:
AaBBcc * aabbcc  aaBbcc
aaBBCcDd * AaBbCCdd  aaBbCcdd
AABBCCDD * aabbccdd  AaBbCcDD
5) Describe a test cross, what genotypes are best for this and why you would need to do this.
6) Explain how gametes are a part of genetics.
7) Identify all the possible ways to get genetic diversity from one generation to the next. (Hint there
3)
8) How are genes related to chromosomes?
9) Describe the different types of gene mapping, when you would use them, what types of
mutations you would be able to see on each.
10) Explain the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance and be able to give
examples of each.
11) Know several examples of a polygenic traits.
12) List all the non-Mendelian genetic inheritance patterns and for each, briefly explain what
happens and provide an example. You should also be able to state which of Mendel’s laws is
violated in each of them.
13) Describe difference between a gamete and a zygote?
14) Explain why sex linked traits are seen in males more often than females.
15) Explain why females can’t have holandric traits.
16) Be able identify the genetics based on a description given.
17) Be able to perform a cross for the trait of albinism if given the parental genotypes or phenotypes.
18) List all the possible genotypes for blood type, know the type of in heritance pattern this is and
which genotypes are heterozygous and homozygous.
19) If given a parental genotype, be able to determine the different gametes that parent can
produce.
20) Explain the difference between sex influenced and sex linked inheritance and give an example of
each.
21) Know what it means to be a carrier of a disorder, what types of disorders this works for (or doesn’t)
and what gender of individuals can be carriers for particular traits.
22) Know how calculate phenotypic and genotypic ratios.
23) Review all of the basic genetics crosses using Punnett Squares.
24) Be able to give examples of haploid and diploid cells in a human.
25) Know the letter we use to describe chromosome number, what that number is for humans, and
be able to determine that number in a given scenario.
26) Determine if most cells undergo mitosis or meiosis and be able to justify your answer.
27) Know how many sperm and eggs are made during meiosis, the differences in their production,
the differences in the end product, and the number of end products as well as what happens to
each end product.
28) List all the components of the mitotic apparatus and provide each items job. (Hint, there are 4
things)
29) Describe what “DNA recombination” is, when in meiosis it occurs and when in mitosis it occurs.
30) Be able compare meiosis and mitosis using a T chart or a venn diagram.
31) Be able to list, in order, the 12 stages of meiosis.
32) Describe the specific goals of both mitosis and meiosis.
33) Name the possible end products of meiosis II.