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Meiosis Vocabulary somatic cell germ cell gamete homologous chromosome autosome diploid haploid meiosis sex chromosome mitosis fertilization zygote sexual reproduction asexual reproduction gametogenesis (spermatogenesis, oogenesis) sperm egg polar body crossing over tetrad (synapsis) Overarching Questions 1) Explain in detail the differences between the processes of mitosis and meiosis. 2) Explain the difference between sister chromatids and homologous pairs. 3) What is the purpose of 2 divisions in the meiosis process? 4) Explain how the meiosis process contributes to genetic variation. Why is this important to humans and other animals?