Download B3 student checklist 2016

OCR GCSE
Additional Science
Living and growing
Student checklist B3
In your revision, focus on the red/amber columns.
Tick () red if you do not understand at all
Tick () amber if you are fairly confident
Tick () green if you know this and can apply the ideas.
I can:
B3a
R
A
G
Identify parts of the cell and describe their function, to include mitochondria and
ribosomes
State that the coded information is carried in the form of DNA in genes on
chromosomes. The names of the bases and complementary base pairing.
Describe the structure and copying of DNA (DNA replication) and its role in protein
synthesis
State that one gene codes for one protein and that most have their effect by the
production of enzymes.
B3b
Describe how Watson and Crick produced DNA model. Explain why their ideas
were not accepted immediately.
Describe the structure of proteins and the functions of collagen, insulin and
haemoglobin and enzymes.
Describe the biological importance of enzymes and their specificity for the substrate.
Explain the lock and key mechanism and why enzymes have an optimum pH and
temperature.
Explain what denaturation is and be able to explain and calculate Q 10
Understand how mutations are caused. Why do gene mutations lead to production
of different proteins? Be able to explain why each cell has a full set of genes but
only some are switched off/on.
B3c
Recall the equation for aerobic respiration. This results in ATP production. ATP is
used as the energy source in many cells.
Use data from experiments to compare respiration rates. Explain why rate of
respiration is affected by pH and temperature. Know the RQ –respiratory quotient
formula and be able to use it.
Recall the equation for anaerobic respiration and that it produces lactic acid and
much less energy than aerobic respiration.
Explain muscle fatigue in terms of lactic acid build up (oxygen debt ) and how it is
removed during recovery.
B3d
Explain the advantages of being multicellular.
Explain that cells need to be replaced by mitosis, which maintains the diploid
number of chromosomes.
Explain the basic features of mitosis.
State that sexual reproduction involves haploid gametes combining to form a
diploid zygote
State that gametes are produced by meiosis, which introduces variation. Be able to
explain why the chromosome number is halved and cell made is genetically
different.
B3e
Explain how red blood cells are adapted to do their job. Link this to their structure.
Describe the function of blood plasma.
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© Harcourt Education 2006, OCR Gateway Science
This document may have been altered from the original.
OCR GCSE
Additional Science
Student checklist B3
Describe how the haemoglobin reacts with oxygen in the lungs and what happens in
the body cells. Be able to show this in an equation.
Describe the structure and operation of the heart and how it and the blood vessels
transport substances around the body.
Explain the adaptations of arteries, veins and capillaries to their functions.
Explain the advantages of a double circulatory system
B3f
Compare animal and plant cells with bacterial cells. Be able to list the differences
between them in terms the arrangement of DNA.
Dry mass is the best measure for growth. Advantages and disadvantages of
measuring growth by length, wet mass and dry mass.
Describe the main phases of human growth, explain and manipulate data on
differential growth rates. Where are the 2 phases of rapid growth?
State that undifferentiated (stem) cells can develop into different cells, tissues and
organs.
Stem cells are obtained from embryonic stem cells –potentially used to treat medical
conditions. Discuss issues arising from stem cell research in animals.
Be able to list the differences between plant and animal growth.
B3g/
h
Describe the process of selective breeding and explain how this can contribute to
improved agricultural yields.
Define, with examples, genetic engineering/modification and explain some of the
advantages and risks.
Describe the principles of genetic engineering and discuss the moral and ethical
issues involved.
Describe cloning technique used to produce Dolly the sheep; recall advantages of
cloning and recognise that there are ethical dilemmas.
Describe asexual reproduction in plants and the advantages and disadvantages
associated with commercial cloning.
Describe the cloning techniques used to produce Dolly the sheep and discuss the
benefits and risks in cloning and the implications and dilemmas involved.
Describe cloning by tissue culture and explain why cloning plants is easier than
cloning animals.
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© Harcourt Education 2006, OCR Gateway Science
This document may have been altered from the original.