Download Enzymes - stephen fleenor

Warm-Up
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
What are the elements present in lipids and
carbohydrates?
The elements present in lipids and carbohydrates are…
How is a carbohydrate made from many
monosaccharide monomers?
A carbohydrate is made from many monosaccharide monomers
by…
What are the elements present in lipids and
carbohydrates?
1.
2.
3.
4.
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen
carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
How is a carbohydrate made from many
monosaccharide monomers?
1.
2.
3.
4.
performing a hydrolysis reaction
compaction of sugar grains into a hard substance
dehydration synthesis reactions
the association of hydrophobic tails with hydrophilic sugar
molecules
Enzymes
UNIT
3
UNIT
Enzymes
3
• Enzymes make chemical
reactions happen faster.
(a reactant becomes a product).
Food
becomes
Energy
O2
CO2
Alcohol
All happens
faster if an
enzyme is
involved!
waste
in urine
*actually not true, wait until we
talk about Photosynthesis and
Cellular Respiration
UNIT
Enzymes
3
• Enzymes make chemical
reactions happen faster.
(a reactant becomes a product).
• Reactant = substrate
Food
Reactant
(substrate)
becomes
Energy
Product
UNIT
Enzymes
3
• Enzymes make chemical
reactions happen faster.
(a reactant becomes a product).
• Reactant = substrate
• Specific enzymes react with
specific substrates by binding
(attaching) to them.
Hmm…
Mr. Enzyme
Food
O2
Alcohol
Reactant
(substrate)
Product
UNIT
Enzymes
3
• Enzymes make chemical
reactions happen faster.
(a reactant becomes a product).
• Reactant = substrate
• Specific enzymes react with
specific substrates by binding
(attaching) to them.
Mr. Enzyme
Food
O2
I choose you, O2!
Alcohol
Reactant
(substrate)
Product
Enzymes
• Enzymes make chemical
reactions happen faster.
(a reactant becomes a product).
• Reactant = substrate
• Specific enzymes react with
specific substrates by binding
(attaching) to them.
• The substrate fits in the enzyme
like a key in a lock.
UNIT
3
UNIT
Enzymes
• Enzymes make chemical
reactions happen faster.
(a reactant becomes a product).
• Reactant = substrate
• Specific enzymes react with
specific substrates by binding
(attaching) to them.
• The substrate fits in the enzyme
like a key in a lock.
• The part of the enzyme that fits
with the substrate is called the
active site.
3
active site
active site
active site
UNIT
Enzymes
3
• “Catalyze” = “speed up a reaction”
Without enzyme
With enzyme
Amount
of product
Sometimes
1,000 times
faster!
Time
UNIT
Enzymes
• “Catalyze” = “speed up a reaction”
• The energy required to start a
reaction is the activation energy.
3
Energy of Reaction
Activation
Energy
reactant
product
Time
UNIT
Enzymes
• “Catalyze” = “speed up a reaction”
• The energy required to start a
reaction is the activation energy.
• Enzymes catalyze reactions by
lowering the activation energy.
3
Energy of Reaction
Activation
Energy w/
enzyme
reactant
product
Time
Enzymes
• “Catalyze” = “speed up a reaction”
• The energy required to start a
reaction is the activation energy.
• Enzymes catalyze reactions by
lowering the activation energy.
• If the temperature rises too high,
enzymes become denatured and
no longer work.
UNIT
3
Enzymes
• “Catalyze” = “speed up a reaction”
• The energy required to start a
reaction is the activation energy.
• Enzymes catalyze reactions by
lowering the activation energy.
• If the temperature rises too high,
enzymes become denatured and
no longer work.
UNIT
3
Enzyme Video #1
Watch the video, and complete the
following sentence in your notebook:
The substrate binds to the enzyme at the
________ _________.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo
UNIT
3
Enzyme Video #2
Watch the video, and complete the
following sentence in your notebook:
Two abiotic factors which can denature
enzymes are ________ and __________.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?annotation_id=annotation
_4145881127&feature=iv&src_vid=XUn64HY5bug&v=qgV
FkRn8f10
UNIT
3
Independent Practice
Get a book, turn to page 58 and
complete questions 1-4.
Also, answer this question:
how does a lock and key model an
enzyme?
UNIT
3
Closure
Answer the following question in a
complete sentence:
Describe what it means for an enzyme to be specific
to a substrate.
Suggested sentence stem:
An enzyme is “specific” to a substrate
because…
Name/Nombre
Date/Fecha
Period ____