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General Biology I / Biology 106 Self Quiz Ch 13 Pro: Manhal Chbat, MD MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) What is a genome? 1) ______ A) A specific set of polypeptides within each cell B) A specialized polymer of four different kinds of monomers C) A specific segment of DNA that is found within a prokaryotic chromosome D) The total of an organism's genes E) An ordered display of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest 2) Asexual reproduction results in identical offspring 2) ______ unless which of the following occurs? A) Environmental change B) Crossing over C) Cloning D) Mutation 3) The human genome is minimally contained in which of 3) ______ the following? A) Each human chromosome B) Every human cell C) The entire DNA of a single human D) Each human gene E) The entire human population 4) The human X and Y chromosomes 4) ______ A) are almost entirely homologous, despite their different names. B) include genes that determine an individual's sex. C) include only genes that govern sex determination. D) are of approximately equal size and number of genes. E) are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike. 5) A gene's location along a chromosome is known as 5) ______ which of the following? A) Locus B) Trait C) Sequence D) Allele 6) Which of these statements is false? 6) ______ A) In humans, each of the 22 maternal autosomes has a homologous paternal chromosome. B) Sexual life cycles differ with respect to the relative timing of meiosis and fertilization. C) At sexual maturity, ovaries and testes produce diploid gametes by meiosis. D) In humans, the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, determines whether the person is female (XX) or male (XY). 7) What is a karyotype? 7) ______ A) A system of classifying cell nuclei B) A display of every pair of homologous chromosomes within a cell, organized according to size and shape C) The set of unique physical characteristics that define an individual D) The combination of chromosomes found in a gamete 8) In animals, meiosis results in gametes, and fertilization 8) ______ results in A) spores. B) gametophytes. C) clones. D) zygotes. 9) After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup 9) ______ of each daughter cell is A) diploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. B) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid. C) haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. D) tetraploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids. For the following questions, match the key event of meiosis with the stages listed below. I. Prophase IV. Prophase II II. Metaphase I VI. Metaphase II III. Anaphase I VII. Anaphase II IV. Telophase I VIII. Telophase II 10) Tetrads of chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the spindle; alignment determines independent assortment. 10) ______ A) I B) II C) IV D) VII E) VIII 11) Synapsis of homologous pairs occurs; crossing over may 11) ______ occur. A) I B) II C) IV D) VI E) VII 12) Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in 12) ______ mitosis? A) Chromosome replication B) Condensation of chromatin C) Alignment of chromosomes at the equator D) Synapsis of chromosomes E) Production of daughter cells 13) A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y 13) ______ chromosome is A) a somatic cell of a male. B) a sperm. C) a somatic cell of a female. D) an egg. 14) Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite 14) ______ poles of a dividing cell during A) meiosis II. B) mitosis. C) meiosis I. D) fertilization. 15) Chiasmata are what we see under a microscope that let 15) ______ us know which of the following is occurring? A) Separation of homologs B) Meiosis II C) Crossing over D) Anaphase II