Download The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System
Function of the Endocrine System
 To regulate, coordinate and control
your body functions using
hormones.
 Examples
of
Body Functions:
Growth
 Fertility
 Metabolism

What are Hormones?
 Chemical messengers
 Secreted (released) by Glands into
bloodstream.
 Proteins with a specific shape.
Target Cells and Receptors
 All cells are exposed to hormones, but
not all cells react.
 Target Cells –
cells that have
special receptors
that the hormone
fits in to, causing a
response in that
cell.
Target Cells and Receptors
endocrine system
Gland: Pituitary
Location: Brain
 Hormones Secreted:
 Growth Stimulating Hormone- stimulates elongation
of the bones.

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone- causes the thyroid to
produce its hormone.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone- stimulates
development of testes and ovaries.
MALFUNCTION:

Gigantism- due to an oversecretion of growth hormone.
Gland: Pituitary
Location: Brain
Gland: Thyroid
Location: Neck
 Hormones Secreted:

Thyroxin- regulates metabolism.
MALFUNCTION:

Goiter- enlargement of the thyroid gland due
to a lack of iodine in the diet.
Gland: Parathyroid
Location: In the Thyroid
 Hormone Secreted:

Parathormoneregulates calcium
metabolism which
is necessary for
nerve function,
blood clotting and
proper growth of
teeth and bones.
Gland: Adrenals
Location: On top of Kidneys
 Hormone secreted:

Adrenalin- increases blood sugar level and
accelerates heart and breathing rates during
times of emergency.

Fight or flight
Gland: Pancreas
 Hormones secreted:

Insulin- lowers blood sugar levels (excess
glucose gets stored in the liver as glycogen).

Glucagon- raises blood sugar levels
(stimulates the release of sugar from the liver).
MALFUNCTION:

Diabetes- lack of insulin leads to high blood
sugar levels.
Gland: Testes
 Hormone secreted:

Testosterone- influences the development of
male secondary sex characteristics.
Gland: Ovaries
 Hormones secreted:

Estrogen- influences
the development of
female secondary sex
characteristics.

Progesteroneregulates the menstrual
cycle.
Feedback Mechanism
 Negative feedback- A type of self-regulation,
operates on the principal that the level of one
hormone in the blood stimulates or inhibits
the production of another hormone.