Download Blue Biology Review Second Semester

Blue Biology Review Second Semester
The exam will cover concepts from chapters 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22,
24, and 25.
Use the following resources to review: (Notebook/notes: A notebook check will
be held on exam day, Chapter summaries, Reviewing Ideas and Using
Concepts, Vocabulary, Diagrams, Labs, and On-line Resources:
www.bscsblue.com)
Suggested topics to review (in no particular order or importance):
Abiotic vs. biotic
Adaptive radiation
Binomial nomenclature
Biodiversity
Carrying capacity
Climax community
Caste system
Coevolution
3 symbiotic relationships (commensalism, parasitism, and mutualism)
Diploid vs. haploid
Energy pyramid &10% rule
Types of mutations
Genus and species
Hardy-Weinberg model
Producer, herbivore, carnivore
Logistic growth
Macro and microevolution
Meiosis
Population genetics
Population bottleneck
Punctuated equilibrium
Taxonomy &classification system
Trophic structure
Arteries &veins
Transport systems (including open vs. closed circulatory system)
Homeostasis
Parts and systems of the frog
Alleles
Codominant
Genes
Multifactorial traits
Homologous chromosomes
Multiple alleles
Genotype
Phenotype
Dominant vs. recessive
Homozygous vs. heterozygous
Sex-linked traits
Pedigree
Probability and ratios
Blood types
Epistasis
Blue Biology Review Second Semester
Transposons
Artificial vs. natural selection
Gene flow
Genetic recombination
Mutations
Niches
Genetic drift
Genetic variation
Inbreeding
Gene pool
Microevolution
Classification systems
Homologies
Five kingdoms
Adaptations
Speciation
Isolating mechanisms
Behavior
Innate (fixed action pattern) vs. learned
Types of learning (imprinting, habituation, conditioning, trial-error)
Social behavior and relationships
Pheromones
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water cycle
Climatograms
Terrestrial Biomes (Taiga, Savanna, Grassland, Tropical rain forest, Tundra, Desert,
Deciduous forest, Chaparral)
Succession
Population cycles
Aquatic systems (Intertidal zone, Neritic zone, Oceanic zone, Pelagic zone, Benthic
zone, Abyssal zone)
Phytoplankton & zooplankton
Photic vs. aphotic zone
Blue Biology Review Second Semester
Directions: Below are sample questions to help with exam preparation. The information on the
exam is not limited to these specific concepts, use the other resources provided to help you fully
prepare for the exam.
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7.
Compare and contrast natural and artificial selection.
What does hybrid mean?
What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
What information does a pedigree provide?
How can we determine your blood type by knowing your parents?
Compare a cell, tissue, organ, and an organ system.
Each parent contributes one of two genes for a particular trait. The gene
pairs are called what?
8. __________________ chromosomes carry genes that code for the same
products, such as hemoglobin or eye pigment.
9. A certain dominant gene is located on the X-chromosome. A father that
has this condition will transmit it to which of his children, if he has two girls
and two boys?
10. In humans, a child’s sex is determined by whom?
11. A trait that is not visible in the F1 generation, but reappears unchanged in
the F2 generation is what kind of trait?
12. What genotype(s) cannot be determined by looking at the phenotypes of
offspring?
13. In fruit flies, gray body (B) is dominant over black body (b). Two gray flies
were mated and produced 158 gray flies and 49 black flies. The parents
were probably what genotypes?
14. What is the purpose of cotyledons, or seed leaves?
15. How have annual plants adapted to winters in temperate zones?
16. In order for metabolism to start in germinating seeds what conditions must
be met?
17. Why are seeds highly nutritious? (Is it due to their oils, stored food,
minerals, or calories?)
18. What feature of Darwin’s finches is an example of an adaptation that
illustrates natural selection?
19. Why do population geneticists determine gene frequencies?
20. If a geneticist finds 25% of a population to be phenotypic for a recessive
trait, he can reasonably conclude what % of the population is
heterozygous?
21. As a result of continental drift, the sycamore trees of Europe and those of
North America have been geographically isolated for at least 20 million
years. The strongest evidence for placing these two groups into separate
species would be what factor?
22. What does punctuated equilibrium explain?
23. New species are formed when two populations can no longer do what?
24. What is the purpose of digestion?
25. True or false: an organism that attaches to fish to obtain its blood and
body fluid for food would likely have a very short, simple digestive tube.
26. An adaptation that increases the efficiency of absorption in the small
intestine is what?
Blue Biology Review Second Semester
27. How are root hairs beneficial to plants?
28. What is the purpose of transport systems in plants and animals?
29. What is one function of the human kidneys?
30. The population of beavers in an area was dramatically reduced as a result
of beaver trapping. Before the area became protected from hunters,
beaver dams had not been built in over 100 years. The beaver population
increased and the beavers started building dams, though none of them
had ever seen another beaver build a dam. What type of behavior is
being demonstrated?
31. The type of behavior most closely related to an organism’s genetic makeup is ___________.
32. Humans are influenced more by (genes/environment)? (circle one)
33. What is a characteristic of imprinting?
34. True or false: organisms respond to only internal and not external stimuli.
35. A society, which is a special kind of population, can be defined how?
36. All organisms of a single species that live at the same time in the same
area are called a _______________.
37. What information does the dance of the honeybees communicate?
38. Choose the term that encompasses the remaining three terms in the list:
biome, biosphere, population, habitat.
39. What does succession eventually result in over time?
40. How do scientists traditionally name biomes?
41. What are characteristics of each of the oceanic zones? (include
characteristic plants and animals)
42. Name and describe the different symbiotic relationships organisms can
exhibit.