Download Heredity Unit 2 - Milton

Heredity Unit 2
Honors Biology Test Review
1. What did Griffith’s experiment show about
the genetic material of bacteria cells?
The genetic material
can be moved from
one bacteria to another,
changing its traits.
2. What is this movement of genetic material
called?
Transformation
3. Avery further extended Griffith’s experiment to
show that the genetic material being transformed
(moved) was what?
DNA
4. Name this kind of virus.
Bacteriophage
5. What atom is found in structure A that is
NOT found in structure B?
PROTEIN COAT
Sulfur
DNA
5. What atom is found in structure B that is
NOT found in structure A?
PROTEIN COAT
DNA
Phosphorus
6. Hershey and Chase showed that radioactively
labeled DNA was INSIDE the bacteria after being
infected by the virus. What does this tell us about
DNA?
DNA is the genetic
material not just for
bacteria, but viruses
and ultimately, all other
living things too.
7. Chargaff showed base-pairing rules by
collecting data about the composition of bases in
DNA from different organisms. What would be the
percentage of T’s in yeast based on the chart
below?
~31.3
8. Chargaff showed base-pairing rules by
collecting data about the composition of bases in
DNA from different organisms. What would be the
percentage of G’s in humans based on the chart
below?
~22.6
9. Name this molecule.
DNA
10. What is the function of this molecule?
To store genetic
information
11. Name the structure boxed at the “X.”
Nucleotide
12. What three things make up a
nucleotide?
5-carbon Sugar
Phosphate
Nitrogen Base (ATCG)
Name the scientist.
Rosalind Franklin
13. Produced X-ray images of DNA.
14. Discovered that DNA followed base-pairing rules. Erwin Chargaff
15. Identified the double helix structure of DNA. Watson and Crick
16. Name this process.
DNA Replication
17. Which one is a new strand of DNA?
A
B
B
18. Name the enzyme which adds nucleotides to
a new DNA strand during replication.
• DNA Polymerase
19. Why must transcription take place in the
nucleus?
• DNA must remain in the nucleus where it is protected.
20. Name a difference between mRNA and
DNA.
• RNA has the sugar ribose
• RNA is single stranded
• RNA has Uracil rather than Thymine
21. How do you know this is mRNA?
There are Us instead of Ts
22. What are the amino acids that will be
translated from this mRNA?
Met-Asn-Ser
23. Name the process in “X.”
Transcription
24. Name the process in step “Y.”
Translation
25. What is structure “C”?
Ribosome
25. What is structure “D”?
tRNA
26. UAC is the anticodon for methionine. How
does the anticodon compare to the codon?
The codon is on mRNA, while
the anticodon is on tRNA.
The anticodon is the opposite
base pairs of the codon.
27. What is the complementary strand of
DNA?
TACGGGAGTTGCATT
ATGCCCTCATCGTAA
28. Transcribe the sequence into mRNA.
TACGGGAGTTGCATT
AUGCCCUCAACGUAA
29. Translate the sequence into a protein.
AUGCCCUCAACGUAA
Met-Pro-Ser-Thr-Stop