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Every substance has characteristic properties that are used to distinguish it from others. Physical Properties Properties that can be determined without changing the makeup of the material Ex: density, color, odor… Chemical Properties The “ability” of an object to change into something new. Physical Change Form of a substance changes but the material stays the same Ex: rip, bend, phase changes Chemical Change When a substance changes into one or more NEW substances Ex: rusting, burning… Aka: Reaction!! 1. 2. 3. Formation of a gas (bubbles/odor) Permanent color change Formation of a precipitate Precipitate (ppt) – a solid formed from two liquids 4. Temperature change - Thermal energy (heat) is absorbed or given off Consider this statement: Substances containing copper are often blue in color. Does the statement describe a physical or chemical property? Consider this statement: Oxygen gas supports the burning of wood. Does the statement refer to a physical or chemical property of oxygen gas? Burning aka combustion: a chemical reaction with oxygen gas that produces heat and light; burning Pure metals have a high luster Surfaces of some metals become dull when in air Nitrogen gas can form nitrogen oxides in a car engine. Milk turns sour if left out Physical o Luster – shiny and reflect light Chemical Chemical Chemical Diamonds are hard enough to be used as a coating on a drill bit Metals are ductile Bread dough “rises” before baking Metals are better conductors of heat and electricity than nonmetals Physical Physical o Ductile – to draw into a wire Chemical Physical