Chapter 4 MATERIAL BALANCES AND APPLICATIONS
... example, by definition, the accumulation term for steady-state continuous process is zero. Thus the above equation becomes: Input + generation = output + consumption For physical process, since there is no chemical reaction, the generation and consumption terms will become zero, and the balance equa ...
... example, by definition, the accumulation term for steady-state continuous process is zero. Thus the above equation becomes: Input + generation = output + consumption For physical process, since there is no chemical reaction, the generation and consumption terms will become zero, and the balance equa ...
Flammability Limits _MS thesis_
... in air at standard conditions………………. ……………………………………54 4.11 Lower flammability limits of methane and acetylene mixtures in air at standard conditions…………………………………………………….55 4.12 Lower flammability limits of ethylene and propylene mixtures in air at standard conditions.…………………………………………………….55 4.13 Low ...
... in air at standard conditions………………. ……………………………………54 4.11 Lower flammability limits of methane and acetylene mixtures in air at standard conditions…………………………………………………….55 4.12 Lower flammability limits of ethylene and propylene mixtures in air at standard conditions.…………………………………………………….55 4.13 Low ...
Catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitrogen
... The emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur oxides (SOx) give rise to acidification of the environment. NOx and SOx are converted in the atmosphere to give nitric and sulphuric acid. However emission of ammonia causes acidification of the environment in an indirect way. Reaction of ammonia wi ...
... The emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur oxides (SOx) give rise to acidification of the environment. NOx and SOx are converted in the atmosphere to give nitric and sulphuric acid. However emission of ammonia causes acidification of the environment in an indirect way. Reaction of ammonia wi ...
Aligned AlN Nanorods with Multi-tipped Surfaces
... negative electron affinity.[2] Exhibiting a negative electron affinity means that electrons excited into the conduction band can be freely emitted into vacuum. In addition, high-current emission at a relatively low field is most attractive for FE applications. As a result, significant effort is bein ...
... negative electron affinity.[2] Exhibiting a negative electron affinity means that electrons excited into the conduction band can be freely emitted into vacuum. In addition, high-current emission at a relatively low field is most attractive for FE applications. As a result, significant effort is bein ...
The Chemistry and Applications of Metal
... tables S1 and S2). The architectural robustness of MOF-5 allowed for gas sorption measurements, which revealed 61% porosity and a BrunauerEmmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 2320 m2/g (2900 m2/g Langmuir). These values are substantially higher than those commonly found for zeolites and activated car ...
... tables S1 and S2). The architectural robustness of MOF-5 allowed for gas sorption measurements, which revealed 61% porosity and a BrunauerEmmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 2320 m2/g (2900 m2/g Langmuir). These values are substantially higher than those commonly found for zeolites and activated car ...
Heterogeneous Catalysis and Solid Catalysts
... This can take place in a homogeneous or heterogeneous system. One example is the utilization of semiconductor catalysts (titanium, zinc, and iron oxides) for photochemical degradation of organic substances, e.g., on selfcleaning surfaces. In biocatalysis, enzymes or microorganisms catalyze various b ...
... This can take place in a homogeneous or heterogeneous system. One example is the utilization of semiconductor catalysts (titanium, zinc, and iron oxides) for photochemical degradation of organic substances, e.g., on selfcleaning surfaces. In biocatalysis, enzymes or microorganisms catalyze various b ...
Corrosion of Ceramic and Composite Materials, Second Edition
... liquid phase sintering (also crystal growth studies) and the dissolution of various raw materials in molten glass in the manufacture of glass products. The proper selection of materials and good design practices can greatly reduce the cost caused by corrosion. To make the proper selection, engineers ...
... liquid phase sintering (also crystal growth studies) and the dissolution of various raw materials in molten glass in the manufacture of glass products. The proper selection of materials and good design practices can greatly reduce the cost caused by corrosion. To make the proper selection, engineers ...
Formic acid oxidation reaction on a PdxNiy bimetallic nanoparticle
... Compared with CNFs [18] and graphene [19], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted a great deal of attention [20] due to their unique properties, such as high specific surface area, electrical conductivity, and good thermal and chemical stability, which make them a good catalyst support for fuel cell ...
... Compared with CNFs [18] and graphene [19], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted a great deal of attention [20] due to their unique properties, such as high specific surface area, electrical conductivity, and good thermal and chemical stability, which make them a good catalyst support for fuel cell ...
Abstract - ASU Physics
... young age. His parents claim that he was a handful and always getting into trouble. The problem, however, was that he rarely got punished because he could always end up making his mother laugh. This gift of his was and still is the core of his personality. As a child, the author moved several times ...
... young age. His parents claim that he was a handful and always getting into trouble. The problem, however, was that he rarely got punished because he could always end up making his mother laugh. This gift of his was and still is the core of his personality. As a child, the author moved several times ...
THE ADSORPTION OF CO, N2 AND Li ON Ru(109) AND Ru(001
... compared to the terraces of the Ru(109) surface. Nitrogen desorbs from Ru(109) in three distinct desorption processes. A high temperature desorption feature has been assigned to the molecular desorption from the atomic step sites. The electron stimulated dissociation of chemisorbed nitrogen results ...
... compared to the terraces of the Ru(109) surface. Nitrogen desorbs from Ru(109) in three distinct desorption processes. A high temperature desorption feature has been assigned to the molecular desorption from the atomic step sites. The electron stimulated dissociation of chemisorbed nitrogen results ...
analytical applications of surface-modified fused silica capillaries
... Dr. Christopher Palmer, Chair Chemistry and Biochemistry ...
... Dr. Christopher Palmer, Chair Chemistry and Biochemistry ...
Theoretical Investigation of the Water
... support through the hard times of my life. I am thankful of my father, Akbar Aranifard, for his encouragements to be strong. I thank God for helping me all the time. ...
... support through the hard times of my life. I am thankful of my father, Akbar Aranifard, for his encouragements to be strong. I thank God for helping me all the time. ...
Sol-gel technology for biomedical engineering
... Abstract. Sol-gel derived silica possess many promising features, including low-temperature preparation procedure, porosity, chemical and physical stability. Applications exploiting porous materials to encapsulate sensor molecules, enzymes and many other compounds, are developing rapidly. In this pa ...
... Abstract. Sol-gel derived silica possess many promising features, including low-temperature preparation procedure, porosity, chemical and physical stability. Applications exploiting porous materials to encapsulate sensor molecules, enzymes and many other compounds, are developing rapidly. In this pa ...
applications of graphene in orthopedic implants
... first be retrieved. The simplest way of obtaining graphene is by extracting it from graphite [2]. This process is not efficient as it is done using a microscope, so it only yields a small amount of graphene. To mass produce graphene, the method of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is employed. CVD is ...
... first be retrieved. The simplest way of obtaining graphene is by extracting it from graphite [2]. This process is not efficient as it is done using a microscope, so it only yields a small amount of graphene. To mass produce graphene, the method of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is employed. CVD is ...
Industrial Zinc Plating Processes
... Many electroplating processes exist to change or enhance existing properties of metals. Almost all metals can be plated, if the correct sequence of steps is taken, Table I gives a list of all possible metals that can be electroplated. The concentration of this research is predominantly on zinc elect ...
... Many electroplating processes exist to change or enhance existing properties of metals. Almost all metals can be plated, if the correct sequence of steps is taken, Table I gives a list of all possible metals that can be electroplated. The concentration of this research is predominantly on zinc elect ...
Date: 16 / 01 / 2014 - Qatar University QSpace
... series of experiments were carried out to study the variation of preparation parameters such as support type, temperature, ‘ion-exchange’ time and the concentration of the (precursor) salt. ...
... series of experiments were carried out to study the variation of preparation parameters such as support type, temperature, ‘ion-exchange’ time and the concentration of the (precursor) salt. ...
Boundary lubrication of stainless steel and CoCrMo in aqueous
... are of high interest to use as alternative because they can potentially overcome these problems while maintaining the required high level of tribological performance. Also water is a natural medium for lubrication in the human body, such as synovial fluid in human joints. A water based environment r ...
... are of high interest to use as alternative because they can potentially overcome these problems while maintaining the required high level of tribological performance. Also water is a natural medium for lubrication in the human body, such as synovial fluid in human joints. A water based environment r ...
Cubic SiC Nanowires: Growth, Characterization and
... field-effect transistors), nano-electromechanical systems, and nano-sensors exploiting high selectivity and compatibility with biological systems. Nanostructures may present very different characteristic and novel properties with respect to the corresponding bulk material, and they have important ph ...
... field-effect transistors), nano-electromechanical systems, and nano-sensors exploiting high selectivity and compatibility with biological systems. Nanostructures may present very different characteristic and novel properties with respect to the corresponding bulk material, and they have important ph ...
Adsorption and desorption
... and has to assume a suitable spatial configuration. The surface may have to rearrange: Accomodation. If this does not happen: Reflection. Sticking: The sticking coefficient s or sticking probability is the ratio of particles being bound compared to those hitting the surface. The value of s often rea ...
... and has to assume a suitable spatial configuration. The surface may have to rearrange: Accomodation. If this does not happen: Reflection. Sticking: The sticking coefficient s or sticking probability is the ratio of particles being bound compared to those hitting the surface. The value of s often rea ...
Fate of Fuel-Bound Nitrogen and Sulfur in Biomass-Fired
... of ash components during combustion of biofuels with different ash properties. This was done by in-furnace measurements of the gaseous sulfur species and by detailed sampling and analysis of the fuel mixtures, ashes, and fine particles. All the fuels combusted in the BFB boiler had a high sulfur cap ...
... of ash components during combustion of biofuels with different ash properties. This was done by in-furnace measurements of the gaseous sulfur species and by detailed sampling and analysis of the fuel mixtures, ashes, and fine particles. All the fuels combusted in the BFB boiler had a high sulfur cap ...
Isopropanol oxidation by pure metal oxide
... common probe molecules such as O2 , CO and H2 . Isopropanol was adsorbed on the metal oxides at an elevated temperature of 110 ◦ C in order to minimize the physically adsorbed isopropanol. Methanol chemisorption studies have shown that the physisorbed methanol desorbs <100 ◦ C [29,30]. On alumina it ...
... common probe molecules such as O2 , CO and H2 . Isopropanol was adsorbed on the metal oxides at an elevated temperature of 110 ◦ C in order to minimize the physically adsorbed isopropanol. Methanol chemisorption studies have shown that the physisorbed methanol desorbs <100 ◦ C [29,30]. On alumina it ...
The shock tube as wave reactor for kinetic studies and material
... on material synthesis is of very recent origin [4]. After Schott and Kinsey [5] demonstrated that the course of an exothermic reaction like H2 1 O2 ! products, highly diluted in argon, could be satisfactorily resolved using a shock tube, several other investigators used the technique to study many o ...
... on material synthesis is of very recent origin [4]. After Schott and Kinsey [5] demonstrated that the course of an exothermic reaction like H2 1 O2 ! products, highly diluted in argon, could be satisfactorily resolved using a shock tube, several other investigators used the technique to study many o ...
CO2 Dissociation using the Versatile Atmospheric Dielectric Barrier
... As of 2013, the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) estimates that the world emits approximately 36 trillion metric tons of Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) into the atmosphere every year [1]. These large emissions have been correlated to global warming trends that have many consequences across ...
... As of 2013, the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) estimates that the world emits approximately 36 trillion metric tons of Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) into the atmosphere every year [1]. These large emissions have been correlated to global warming trends that have many consequences across ...
multiscale simulation of atmospheric pressure pulsed discharges
... was investigated to determine the possibility of producing reactive gas-phase radicals within small spaces, close to the surfaces requiring treatment. An integrated surface kinetics module was developed to address the cumulative surface treatment of polypropylene with microstructure, such as rough a ...
... was investigated to determine the possibility of producing reactive gas-phase radicals within small spaces, close to the surfaces requiring treatment. An integrated surface kinetics module was developed to address the cumulative surface treatment of polypropylene with microstructure, such as rough a ...
Surface chemistry of carbon dioxide - Max-Planck
... relates them to those of possible simple reaction products such as CO, carbon and oxygen [22 26]. It is clear from Fig. 2 that an energetically favoured reaction will involve the anionic species. All other processes require energies which are orders of magnitude larger than those involving CO2. It i ...
... relates them to those of possible simple reaction products such as CO, carbon and oxygen [22 26]. It is clear from Fig. 2 that an energetically favoured reaction will involve the anionic species. All other processes require energies which are orders of magnitude larger than those involving CO2. It i ...
Thermal spraying
Thermal spraying techniques are coating processes in which melted (or heated) materials are sprayed onto a surface. The ""feedstock"" (coating precursor) is heated by electrical (plasma or arc) or chemical means (combustion flame).Thermal spraying can provide thick coatings (approx. thickness range is 20 micrometers to several mm, depending on the process and feedstock), over a large area at high deposition rate as compared to other coating processes such as electroplating, physical and chemical vapor deposition. Coating materials available for thermal spraying include metals, alloys, ceramics, plastics and composites. They are fed in powder or wire form, heated to a molten or semimolten state and accelerated towards substrates in the form of micrometer-size particles. Combustion or electrical arc discharge is usually used as the source of energy for thermal spraying. Resulting coatings are made by the accumulation of numerous sprayed particles. The surface may not heat up significantly, allowing the coating of flammable substances.Coating quality is usually assessed by measuring its porosity, oxide content, macro and micro-hardness, bond strength and surface roughness. Generally, the coating quality increases with increasing particle velocities.Several variations of thermal spraying are distinguished:Plasma sprayingDetonation sprayingWire arc sprayingFlame sprayingHigh velocity oxy-fuel coating spraying (HVOF)Warm sprayingCold sprayingIn classical (developed between 1910 and 1920) but still widely used processes such as flame spraying and wire arc spraying, the particle velocities are generally low (< 150 m/s), and raw materials must be molten to be deposited. Plasma spraying, developed in the 1970s, usesa high-temperature plasma jet generated by arc dischargewith typical temperatures >15000 K, which makes itpossible to spray refractory materials such as oxides, molybdenum, etc.